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<title><![CDATA[博客巴菲特：陈理的博客]]></title>
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<description><![CDATA[博客巴菲特：陈理的博客]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[沈南鹏:企业规模大小都需创新]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2217854.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">沈南鹏<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>企业规模大小都需创新<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体" lang=EN-US>2012-05-11 11:18 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">来源<SPAN lang=EN-US>: </SPAN>新浪财经<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“2012</SPAN>第十届华人企业领袖<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>上海<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>峰会<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>于<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US>-11</SPAN>日在上海举行。上图为红杉资本中国基金执行合伙人沈南鹏。</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　以下为演讲实录：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　沈南鹏：各位早上好！非常高兴能够参加华人企业领袖峰会。过去两周我有机会跟些美国硅谷比较大的信息技术老总有个见面会。谈到中国公司和美国公司差别时候，提到这么一个看法，你看美国这个公司，尤其是这些大中型的上市公司，他的财务报表里有一条<SPAN lang=EN-US>IND</SPAN>，就是研发的费用在整个公司里占的比重相当高。往往这个公司要达到盈利的话，相当一段长时间里就是研发上的投入。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　硅谷的企业家们感慨中国的企业你们很幸运，因为你们<SPAN lang=EN-US>IND</SPAN>的费用比例在公司营业额里占比比较小。中国市场现在机会很多，远远比美国要多。很多公司他有很大的市场机会，所以暂时不需要在研发上有很大的投入。我想这对中国公司来讲目前确实是好事情，因为这样可以比较快地产生利润。但这背后会看到潜在的危机。过去十年、二十年是中国经济的黄金期间，各行各业都有成长空间，但再往前走的话恐怕竞争会越来越激烈，很多行业会出现红海，这情况下如果我们企业<SPAN lang=EN-US>IND</SPAN>费用都是这么低的话，会不会能够长期有竞争力，我想这是很重要问题，就是中国在创新上的投入问题。对有相当规模的公司来说这是很重要的问题。对初创期的企业来讲这也是一个问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　已经上市的，或者已经有相当资本的公司可以通过他的盈利去支持他的创新，也就是说投资在<SPAN lang=EN-US>IND</SPAN>里面。对于年轻的企业、创业企业来讲显然他们这方面的资源更少了，很多需要借助外力的帮助，比如风险投资的帮助。创新对一个企业家来讲是挺难的选择。原因是什么呢？当你有一个比较成功的业务以后，已经看到有一定的产品推出，有客户接受，在这样的是环境下，企业发展状况里有没有创新的意识和精神，对一个企业家来说是很大的考验，也是企业家精神的表现。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　我们去看一个创新企业，往往在产品的差异化，公司的文化上特别关注。认为只有这样这个企业才能够在创新当中走出来。往往一个想法，一个点都不可能保密太长时间，一旦推出市场很多人会去模仿。重要的是在产品上面，服务上面能够不断地有创新，这个创新意味着什么？意味着必须有投入，投入不仅仅是资本的投入。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　我刚才讲到作为初创期企业，资本可以给一定的支持，风险投资可以进来给一定的支持。但最重要的还是企业家和公司要有这种创新的文化。也就是说：一，要耐得住寂寞，这是短期利润的损失。你投入<SPAN lang=EN-US>IND</SPAN>，你必然意味着每年的净利润率要下降。重要的是看<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>年以后的发展，这是非常重要的选择。对企业家公司领导来讲是这样。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　二，对企业家的考验，这样的尝试，这样的所谓创新都具有风险。我们今天看到很多成功地完成了创新变成行业龙头的企业，但尝试后面其实有很多尝试研发投入浪费，这是一个企业家必须面临的风险。我想也是作为一个创业者精神的很重要体现。企业到一定阶段的时候有没有胆量，有决心去尝试新的东西，意味着可能面临失败，甚至丢失原来的一些产业领地，这对企业家来讲也是一个重要的选择。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　三，对一个企业，尤其是一个已经相当规模的企业来说，它所需要的可能是不断地创新，如果希望在这个行业里成为行业龙头的话，必须要不断地创新。医疗行业里，高端制造业，高科技企业里体现得非常明显。如果哪个企业一旦在创新上放松，即使是<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>百强企业也可能很快被淘汰掉。互联网企业体现得非常明显。今天看一下中国前三名的互联网市值企业，阿里巴巴、腾讯、百度，再看<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>年前这个行业里的前三名市值企业，发现有很大的变化，因为这个行业的变化更大。如果哪一个行业不能持续地创新，那这个行业就会变成失去竞争力，甚至清零。美国科技界的例子已经看得非常明显。软件企业、硬件企业、互联网企业等都面临着大的挑战。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　很多大企业通过两种方法来解决：一，不断地需要内部产生这种创新的文化和创新的团队。我们看到国内很多的优秀企业都在做这种尝试。所谓内部创业，使这个企业不断的投入创新，然后有这样一种创新的文化让每个人去尝试。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　二，海外很多公司的做法，通过收购兼并进行收购创新，能够拓展自己在创业领域里的能力。比如在美国的信息技术里，思科就是非常典型的例子，过去<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>年里自我创新很重要，但它的收购兼并也非常重要。所以能够保持不断地在行业前沿。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　中国企业将来在这方面要多花时间和精力，有时候可能内在的这种创新对大企业来讲是非常困难和艰难的，通过收购兼并小企业能够让这些外在的能力转换成公司内部的创新的新动力，我相信这一个非常好的方面。最近几年看到中国已经上市的，尤其在互联网行业沈南鹏<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>企业规模大小都需创新<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>的企业出现了收购兼并，这样一种举动我相信对这些企业能够保持行业的龙头非常非常有意义。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>　　在这些创新里资本扮演着非常重要角色。红山资本过去<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>年里在中国投资了超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>百家企业。这里面有相当大的<SPAN lang=EN-US>PE</SPAN>类投资，也有非常早期的风险投资。但这些投资说到底希望能够支持中国的增长和高速发展。高速发展背后的动力是创新。不管是投资一个已经上市的投资，还是说在早期去支持一个初创期的企业，最终来讲我们希望公司把资本用在最重要的创新产品和服务方面。包括我们在去年推出了种子期的投资，这个目的就是希望在非常早期，创业家、企业家刚刚有一个想法、基本创业概念时候就能够介入，帮助他走完最早的那几步，这是红杉对中国创新的支持。希望通过资本的力量来帮助中国的中小企业能够在创新路上有更多的耐心，也有更多的长远目标，朝百年老店方向发展自己，做成一家伟大的公司，做成世界的<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>百强。谢谢！<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-16 13:57:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[伯克希尔股东大会纪要（中英文）]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2217850.html</link>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 6pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-outline-level: 2"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Berkshire</SPAN></st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> Hathaway Shareholder Meeting Notes<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: auto 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><?xml:namespace prefix = u1 /><u1:place u2:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Berkshire</SPAN></st1:place></u1:place><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> Hathaway Shareholder Meeting Notes&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;These are the notes we took at this year’s Berkshire Hathaway shareholder meeting notes. We published the first part last night. This is the complete piece.<BR><STRONG>Did you believe the CEO of any financial organization can also be the chief risk officer. Does the future ceo will be chief risk officer?</STRONG><BR>I do believe CEO of financial organizations should also be chief risk officer. I am the chief risk officer of <st1:place w:st="on"><u1:place u2:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place></FONT></u1:place><FONT face="Times New Roman">. My successor will have the same responsibility, and we will not select who does not have the ability. It is not an impossible job.<BR><st1:place w:st="on"><u1:place u2:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place></FONT></u1:place><FONT face="Times New Roman"> can act in speed that is rare among corporations. When we talked with Bank of America CEO, I never talked with him, and I said we will do 5 billion, and we have the ability to act quickly. I don’t believe that the successor cannot do a lot things that I can do. He can do a lot of things better than I can.<BR><BR><STRONG>2011 annual report, disclosed reinsurance assumptions made, there was a charge. There is difference in mortality rates between different <u1:place u2:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place></u1:place> businesses.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Mortality figures coming on quarterly were above expectations and what looked like what should have been the case looking at earlier figures. We are insuring SwissRe and they are reinsuring a lot of American life insurers. How Geico reserves is described in annual report, I would say that the one overriding principle is that our plan is to reserve conservatively. Reserve in reinsurance is a lot different than reserving in the auto business. In auto insurance you find out very quickly how you are doing.<BR><BR>Charlie: There are always going to be some contracts where results are worse than expected. Why would anyone buy insurance if that weren’t the case?<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: It’s interesting just how, let’s say 911, very hard to reserve after 911, to what extent, going to collect on insurance, when you close restaurants at airports, is that business interrupted. We turn out to be somewhat over reserved for 911. The same situation in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Thailand</st1:country-region> and <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan</st1:country-region>, supply chain for many American companies were interrupted by floods in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Thailand</st1:place></st1:country-region> and tsunami, auto companis can’t get parts. It takes years to work out, generally <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>’s reserve developed favorably.<BR><BR><STRONG>In the past you have made a few investments in <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region>, Petrol <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region> (PTR), BYD, given growing importance, what advice would you give to Chinese leadership?</STRONG><BR><BR>Charlie: We’re not taking much time giving advice to <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>. If you stop think about it, <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s doing very well, to some extent we should seek advice there instead of giving.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We found almost it useless in 60 years in investing to give advice to anyone.<BR><BR>Charlie: It’s amazing how little influence we had when we’ve had 20% of the stock, people have this illusion that the beauty of <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> is that we’ve created system that doesn’t require much control.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: If you look at our 4 largest investments, worth $50 billion today, held some for 25 years, the number of times that we have talked to the CEO of those companies doesn’t average more than twice a year, we are not in the business of giving them advice. If we thought that the success of our investment depended on them following our advice, we’d go on to something else.<BR><BR><STRONG>While I am pleased by your announcement to buy back stock at 110% of book value, sometimes I feel that I have to pay 200%. Did you not feel that <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> was trading over intrinsic value over the past decade?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We have whole different view on that than many managers. If we could have our way, we would want <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> stock trade just once a year. We come up with a value and we trade at that price. But this is allowed in public markets. If Charlie and I think that <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> is overvalued, interesting proposition to announce half an hour before market opens and say that the stock is overpriced, who knows how the shareholders would react. We would never encourage people to buy our stock at a price we thought was above intrinsic value. At one time we thought the stock was overvalued in mid1990s, we created a page and put in proxy saying that we think the stock was overvalued. We wouldn’t buy stock at that price and didn’t recommend it to our relatives.<BR><BR>We think that if we are going to repurchase shares from people, we should let them know if we are buying it too cheap<BR><BR><STRONG>What is Berkshires capacity for buybacks, how attractive are the buybacks, what are latest thoughts on instituting dividend.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: 1.1 of book value is a figure we feel comfortable with. We wanted it to be undervalued to do buybacks, we want to make sure shareholders know its undervalued. We have a terrific group of businesses, we think they are going to be worth more in the future. Some businesses worth far more than trading price. From strictly from moneymaking viewpoint, we would love to buy tens of billions worth of stock. I dont think it will happen. It might happen. If we have the chance to do it, we would buy very aggressively, we know we are making significant money for remaining shareholders, very obvious to us we would do it on a big scale, if cash position is not below 20 billion.<BR><BR>Charlie: Some companies buy stock back regardless of price That is not our system.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: It’s for ego. Most of the companies’ CEOs don’t think the way we are thinking at all. They like issuing options at lower prices. We will only buy back shares for one reason, to increase per share value day after, if we have the chance to do it in a big way then we will.<BR><BR><STRONG>What’s your view on the Euro banks, about US banks.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We have totally different views on euro banks than US banks. US banks are in far better position than they were in 3-4 years ago. They have taken the losses and buttress their capital in big way. The American banking system is in fine shape. The euro banking system was gasping for a year a few months back. The Mr.xxx opened his wallet, gave a trillion euros in liquidity for those banks. It is a huge act designed to replace funding that was running off from them. Euro banks have more wholesale funding than US banks. Euro banks tended to get most of the funding on a wholesale basis, that money can run pretty fast. ECB gave them $1 trillion for 3 years for 1%. I’d like to have $1 trillion for three years at 1%, but I’m not in trouble so I cant get it. it’s pretty remarkable to look at what’s been accomplished in our banks, when the bankers brought together in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Washington</st1:place></st1:State> and forced to take money. I think that policy was very sound for the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> economy. If some banks were forced to raise capital, I wouldn’t like it if I were a shareholder. Fed and treasury have handled things quite sensibly. If they hadn’t done so our world today would be a lot different.<BR><BR>Charlie: <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> has its own debt and so on. But they don’t have their own federal union. It is very difficult to handle stresses. We are more comfortable with US banks.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Back in 2008 Fed and treasury said we will do whatever it takes. You know they had the power and the will to do whatever it took. But when you have 17 countries that have surrendered their sovereignty in currency, you can’t do that. Kissinger said if you want to call number to <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place>, what number would you dial. For example if 17 states governors have to meet in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Washington</st1:place></st1:State>, we would have to have a different outcome. <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> and US are very different.<BR><BR><STRONG>Coal?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Mid-American is never going to be affected by coal. It is a regulated public utility. We have two Mid-Americans, utilities on the west coast. They are pass through organizations, if they are operated efficiently. While coal price goes up or down, it doesn’t affect them, it affects customers. Coal traffic is down this year this may interest you, the first quarter kilowatt hours used in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region> went down 4.7%. This is a remarkable decrease in electricity usage. Another thing is natural gas under $2 at the same time oil was $100. If you told Charlie or me 5 years ago that you had 50 to 1 ratio between oil and natural gas, I wouldn’t believe you.<BR><BR>Charlie: We are using up precious resources we need to create fertilizer. Sparing resources that is not as precious. We should use up all of thermal coal before using a bit of natural gas. I think natural gas reserves are the most precious things we can leave our descendents. Gas is worth more than coal.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Ratio of prices to natural gas compared to prices of oil, can’t really change the percentages too much. It will be interesting to see how gas/oil ratio plays out. It has changed everyone’s thinking in a very short period of time. 3 years ago people wouldn’t have said this is possible.<BR><BR><STRONG>What Geico doing to keep the competitive advantage in the technology change?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Progressive is leader with technology change. If it becomes something that gives you better predicted value, then we will take it on. We are always looking for more things to tell us if we look around in the people in this room, what tells us the likelihood that them having an accident next year. Age is one thing. 16-year old male is totally different than someone like me. Some things are very good predictors, credit scores tell you a lot about driving habits. I don’t see anything that threatens Geico in any way. In the first quarter, it not our best quarter, we had a very significant number, 300,000 new policies. Feb. was best month. Marketing is working very well. Risk selection is working extremely well. Retention is working extremely well. Geico is carried over a billion dollars over its book value. It is worth a whole lot more than that, based on the price we paid, the figure we paid is worth 15 billions more, we wouldn’t sell it at all, that would not tempt us in the least.<BR><BR><STRONG>In recent years business schools taken lot of blame to effect on economy, what would you expect to change.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I wouldn’t blame business schools, i don’t think that they’ve taught us bad, what do you think?<BR><BR>Charlie: It was a considerable sin; I think business school is improving.<BR><BR>Warren: In investing, I would say that probably the stuff we’ve seen taught at major business schools, maybe because in the investment area, it is astounding to me how schools have focused on one fan after another, finance theory, usually very mathematically based, when it’s become very popular almost impossible to resist. Investing is not that complicated. I would have one course on how to value a business, then one on how to think about market. If people grasp these principles, they would be a lot better off. Who needs option pricing in an investment business? It’s totally drifted way the teaching of investments. I look at books that are used sometimes and found that there’s nothing in there about value in businesses. If you buy businesses under what they’re worth, you’re going to make money. They’ve tried to make it a lot more difficult.<BR><BR>Charlie: They want some kind go standardized solution that requires them not to think too hard, and they have one.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Is there anyone we’ve forgotten to offend?<BR><BR><STRONG>The Buffett rule</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: It was more fun to attack something that I hadn’t said than it was to attack something that I had said. The proposal was that people who make very high incomes pay a rate that is below 15%. When people look at the takes rate, making 40 million a year, they should pay taxes in the 30% area, many people are. If you look at the most recent year, if you aggregate payroll and income taxes, if you take the 400 largest incomes in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>, the average is $270 million each. 131 of those 400 pay tax rates that were below 15%. They are paying at less than what the standard payroll tax was. So under the Buffett rule we would have a minimum tax, restore their rate. Back in 1992, average income of the top 400 people was 50 million, only 31 (?) was paying a lower rate. What we’re asking for is to share sacrifice from the American public, we’re telling them we have to cut back, make sure that the people with these huge incomes get taxed at a rate is the way that they used to be taxed, 2/3 of the people in that area get taxed at higher rates. You can raise a lot of money, very few people would actually be effected.<BR><BR><STRONG>You can give 30% to charity instead of government?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: The bill was sent to the white house and didn’t not get passed. I think that people like me that have huge incomes should pay higher rate. I have no tax planning, no gimmicks, no Swiss banks account, when i get all through, my tax rate is lower than my cleaning lady. I made a calculation 3 different times, 2004, 2006 nd 2010. My incomes in those years were 25-65 million. I came in with the lowest tax rate in our office. They were all in the 30s, and I was in the area of 17%. That’s because the tax law favored those who make huge amounts of money. Among those making $270 million a year, the tax rate of 31 out of 400 were below 10%. The cleaning lady at the office has been paying 12.5% on social security taxes, people making hundreds of million pay less than 10%. That is wrong.<BR><BR>Analyst:<BR><BR>What do you expect insurance pricing to be on cotastrophes, more catastrophes affect reinsurance compnaies<BR><BR><STRONG>Mid-American has large investment in wind and solar power. What is the most appropriate use of natural gas?</STRONG><BR><BR>Warren: I believe on wind we’re a lot bigger stake in wind than solar, subsidy is 2.2 cents for 10 years per kilowatt hour, federal subsidy, makes wind projects work whereas they wouldn’t work without the subsidy. So the government by putting in that 2.2 cents has encouraged a lot of wind development. I think if there had been none, there would have been no wind development. Without subsidy the projects wouldn’t make sense. solar projects there may be some subsidy involved in. I don’t know the specifics. If Greg was here, he can correct me on this. I don think any solar or wind would be working without subsidy.<BR><BR>Charlie: I think it’s very wise that’s what the government are doing.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: The future is subsidizing oil and natural gas in a sense.<BR><BR>Greg: <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City> was right, the subsidy with the wind allowed us to build 3000 megawatts over our two utilities. We wouldn’t have moved forward without it. In solar a few other incentives, large inventive in constructing 30% covered cost, significant advantage as <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> is a full tax payer. Competitors don’t have the tax advantage for those. <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> benefits from the tax credit.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: BH has a distinct competitive advantage in that BH pays lots of federal income tax, we can use them, dollar for dollar benefit. I would guess that 80% of utilities in US cannot reap full tax benefits, or any tax benefits because they don’t pay any federal income taxes. They use depreciation to wipe out taxable income. They cannot have any appetite for wind projects because of tax credit. By being part of BH which is a huge taxpayer, Mid-American has extra abilities to do a lot of project without worrying about exhausting their tax capacity. That is a big advantage we have.<BR><BR><STRONG>You are clearly entitled to speak your mind as an individual. The recent publicity around Buffett tax is limiting on principle on <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> stock for some people. While being a public company, should some political dialogue be muted? My father is 84, he does not buy <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> stock because of this.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I don’t think that the CEOs of any of companies in should in any way have their citizenship restricted. when Charlie and I took this. We did not decide to put our citizenship in blind trust. I really think that 84 year old man making investment decisions on political decisions not wise.<BR><BR>Charlie: <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>’s position on taxing for the rich has decreased my popularity in my country club.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We’ve never had a disagreement in 53 years. In November roughly half the country is going to feel one way, other half going to feel a different way, selecting lifestyle on having people to agree with you, going to life a pretty peculiar way.<BR><BR><STRONG>Position on purchasing acquisitions, 20 billion cash deal?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We recent considered a 22 billion deal. With BNI we used stock to pay, I don’t like to do it. We wouldn’t use stock to pay for deal. Although it could happen, I don’t think it will happen. So we looked at the deal, and we would have done it, but it would have stretched. We want to have a 20 billion dollar cash balance at all times. If that had been 40 billion, as much as I liked it, I don’t want to be in limbo not really knowing where the money was going to be come from. If we make it a 20 billion deal, then we’ll do it.<BR><BR><STRONG>Jobs that were shipped outside are coming back to the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, a number of companies started bringing back here, is BH looking at doing that?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on">Warren</st1:City>: I would say that the number of jobs we have is listed, about 270,858, we probably, I don’t think we have more than 15000 outside the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. We invested in plant equipment over 8 billion last year, 95% or so of that was in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. We don’t have a lot of that around the world. I’m not opposed to it, our Iscar operation operates around the world, product they sell is going to be sold around the world. US is an important market, but not a majority. that company has 11000 employees or so, but few are in US. But we’d like to do more business in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Korea</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region>, etc. we have utility operations in the <st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region>, we just bought a business in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region>, just in the last day or two we bought an operation based in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Netherlands</st1:place></st1:country-region>. It is extremely likely that 10 years in the future, we have maybe hundreds of thousands more. There are a lots of opportunity in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, this is a real land of opportunity, but we find lots of things we do that we think make a lot of sense in this country.<BR><BR>Charlie: You can’t bring a lot back if it never left.<BR><BR><STRONG>How are you feeling?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I feel terrific. I always feel terrific. I love what I do, I work with people I love. It’s more fun every day, basically I think I have a good immune system, my diet is such as any fool can plainly say, I’m eating properly. All i can say is that it works. and I have 4 doctors, least a few of them own BH. My wife and my daughter and I listen to 4 of them, they describe various alternatives. The ones that they recommend do not involve a day of hospitalization, they don’t require me to take a day off from work, the survival numbers are way up, 99 and a half percent for 10 years. Maybe I’ll get shot by a jealous husband, this is a really minor event.<BR><BR>Charlie: I rather resent all this attention and sympathy that warren has, I probably have more prostate cancer than he does. I don’t know because I don’t let them test for it. Anyways, i want the sympathy.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: My secretary was getting too much attention, so i had to throw the spotlight back to myself. The med center is about 2 minutes away, I may have a little less energy but I do fewer dumb things.<BR><BR><STRONG>I am 26. If you were me and had the chance to start over, what areas would you like to get into and do you think that my generation have the same number of opportunities as yours?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I think you have all types of opportunities. I would very much do what I did, start earlier, and do it a little better. I would try to develop an audited record of performances as early as I could. I would try to get something a lot more interesting, buying companies to keep. I establish relationships with people, I want to be for keeps. That’s been enormously satisfying, but it takes some capital to get into that business. I built it through managing money for myself and others. I would get past that as fast as I could then buy businesses, then spend the rest of my life doing it. And i would do it with Charlie incidentally.<BR><BR><STRONG>I think that at least 95% of the people here believe that BH is undervalued. Why do you think the stock stays stuck at these levels?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We’ve run BH now for 47 years. We’ve had 4-5 times where we think it was significantly undervalued. We’ve seen the stock get cut in half in a fairly short period of time. There’s going to be periods where it’s overvalued and times where it’s undervalued. Back in 2000, when we said we were going to repurchase, but we didn’t get any repurchase. The beauty of stocks is that they do sell at silly prices sometimes, and that’s how we’ve gotten rich. Chapter 8 and chapter 20 in the Intelligent Investor by Ben Graham is all you need to get rich. Mr. Market is here to serve you and not to advise you. All the thousands of prices that you have, Mr. Market is making thousands of mistakes every day. It’s built in to the system that stocks have been mispriced. BH generally speaking has been closer to selling at its intrinsic value than most large companies. If you look at our high/low range in the year compared to other big companies, our stock fluctuates at a lower range than others. The stock market is the most obliging money making place in the world because you don’t have to do anything. Thousands of businesses are priced, changes every day, lots of information, you don’t have to do anything. Compare that with any other noninvestment business.<BR><BR>Charlie: What’s interesting about this place is that I’ve had a lot more fun than when we could buy businesses to hold. So as fast as you can work yourself in our position the better off you’ll be.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: It will take you a littel while.<BR><BR><STRONG>Have macro risks ever set you back in buying a company?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Charlie and I have never had a conversation about buying/selling a business where we’ve talked about macro affairs. We buy it if it’s well priced and it is a good company. I bought my first stock in June of 1942 and what happened here was a country where all my older friends had disappeared. And we were losing the war. Stocks were cheap. I wrote that article in October of 2008, you’re going to read all kinds of bad news, and stocks are cheap. We look at value and we don’t look at headlines at all. We don’t have any discussions about macro factors. Charlie has this little company Daily Journal (DJCO) and he went out in 2008 and bought a few stocks, that was the time to use the money, not to sit on the money. Charlie, what stocks did you buy?<BR><BR>Charlie: …<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: You can never get anything out of him.<BR><BR><STRONG>When you look at the businesses that BH owns, which business has greatly improved in the past 5 years and why, and name a business that was not so lucky.</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: There is no question, the big ones have done well, we actually have owned a significant piece of BNI for the very fundamental reasons. BNSF improved its position dramatically over the past 15-20 years, continues to this day. It is an extremely efficient and eco friendly way of moving a ton of things that have to be moved. It’s an asset that cannot be duplicated for 3-4-5-6 times what its selling for. It has a lot business than what it was 5-10 years ago. Geico was another company similar to that, we’re approaching 10% of the market, we had 2% of the market in 1995. We have Tony Nicely who maximized what there was to be done. Geico is worth billions more than when we bought. BNSF same thing, Mid-American has done a great job. Iscar is doing wonderful since we bought it 6 years ago.<BR><BR>Charlie: 80% of businesses that we own, increase value. The fortune is not going to go away just because <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City> will die.<BR><BR><STRONG>The derivatives that <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> owns?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Some derivative contract is required in our utility. It’s not going to be a huge factor in BH. we’re going to do quite well with the positions that we have, I like the positions but the rules have changed in relation to collateralizing.<BR><BR>Charlie: The derivatives that bother some people. We had better credits than anyone else, we’ve got better terms, we will have made $10 billion, maybe a lot more. We’re lucky if we get those contracts.<BR><BR><STRONG>When you discuss BH’s intrinsic value, why do value insurance at only cash + investments per share. For noninsurance you use pre-tax earnings?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Not quite the way you say, I would value Geico and other companies in different ways. Basically, I would say that Geico has an intrinsic value that is significantly greater. 2 reasons. I think that it is quite rational to assume underwriting profit within 1-2 decades, and i think there will have significant growth. In any event, I will let you come up with your own evaluation of that. In operating businesses, different ones have different characteristics. I would like to buy those at 10x pretax earnings.<BR><BR><STRONG>Since 1999, gold has gone up multiple times. But <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> stock lagged far behind. I don’t own your stock for the glamour, i own it to make money. What happened?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on">Warren</st1:City>: When I bought <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>, gold was at $6 and BH was at $15, now gold is $1600 and BH is 100,000. Common stocks as a group will do better than gold, if you own an ounce of gold now, in 100 years from now you’ll still have 1 ounce of gold. It’s very hard for unproductive investments to be productive investments over any long period of time. If I say bonds are no good, Bernanke still smiles at me. But if you say anything negative about gold, it arouses passions in people. This is kind of fascinating. Usually you thought through something intellectually, it shouldn’t matter what people say. If your facts are right and your reasoning is right, then you’re good. My father loved gold, he could take a discussion of it but many people don’t tolerate that.<BR><BR><STRONG>You said in an interview in CNBC that you have bought shared of JPM for your personal account, can you share some stocks you bought for your own account? and difference between buying for your personal account compared to for BH?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I actually bought WFC more than JPM, my best ideas are all in BH, I can promise you. Charlie’ bought real estate too.<BR><BR>Charlie: Diversification is something i have no interest in unless it happens automatically like it did with BH. I like this buy and hold investing to live life and deal with a better class of people.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: If you have 98.5% of your money in BH, and you’re thinking about the rest 1.5% then you have a problem. We have 400 million shares of WFC in BH and I like JPM too, but WFC is easier to understand, we bought WFC in the first quarter, we bought it last year and a lot of years before. If I wasn’t managing BH, and I was sitting on my own money, I would put a lot of money in WFC and some in JPM too.<BR><BR><STRONG>Money in life insurance companies vs. in property casualty insurance companies?</STRONG><BR><BR><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Money in our life insurance companies has less use to use. I’d rather have 100 million in property casual than life. Money in life insurance cannot be used as effective than money in property casualty insurance. It’s a disadvantage. The number 1 place that we’d like that money is in the holding company, 10 billion of that in there. Most of our operating companies keep more cash than they need. As long as I have 20 billion in some place, i feel comfortable. It’s probably more than we need but it makes us feel that we can do other things comfortably, as long as the downside is protected. Fair amount of logic to where things are placed, if we were to make a big acquisition would have to shift some funds from one place to another, but we will always leave every where properly funded.<BR><BR><STRONG>Since BH will likely need to offer a stock component for large acquisitions, wouldn’t it have effect of lowering of cash? Dividends?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We would prefer to have our stock sold at intrinsic value, use cash for the balance. BH without dividend will probably be sold at or above intrinsic value above as much as it as below. I don think a dividend would be a plus to sell at intrinsic value most of the item. We’re willing to pay 1.10 for a dollar on book, we think that it’s worth at least that much. Unless we find we can’t do things in the future that make sense. Our goal is to have our stock sell as close to intrinsic value as possible. Cash is our favorite medium of purchase, we hate giving out shares. We do not like trading out a part of company because of any acquisition.<BR><BR>Charlie: What you suggested is a very conventional approach, shareholders should do it the way we’re going it.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I should point out, I’m in the position of giving away all of my stock between now and 10 years after my death. For philanthropic purposes I’m disposing of the stock. Our interest is in having it sell at the fair value. Over time it will average at the fair value. It has happened in the past, but it doesn’t happen every year.<BR><BR><STRONG>You have described the newspaper business negatively. With all new options today in social media, demise of newspaper, why buy <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Omaha</st1:place></st1:City> new herald. Was there some self-indulgence in this?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Everything she said is true, it’s even worse than that. The newspaper have 3 problems, two of which are very difficult to overcome, the 3rd if they don’t overcome it is worse problem. News is what you want to know but you don’t know. The newspapers 50 years ago contained dozens of areas of interest to people. They are the primary source for news. Now, all of those things of interest have found other means where that information is available on more timely, cost free basis. Newspapers have to be primary about something of interest to a significant percentage of people that live in their distribution area.<BR><BR>The World Herald tells me every day a lot of things that I want to know that I can’t find some places else. They don’t tell me as many things as 30 years ago, but still some. The most of those items are local, but I want to know what I don’t know. I’m going to look at those through other mediums. They tell me local sports, about my city, about my neighbors, a lot of things i want to know. As long as they stay primary in that area, they have an interest to me. They are expensive to distribute.<BR><BR>And another problem, there are 1400 daily newspapers. In a great many cases they are going up on the web and giving free the same thing they’re charging for in delivery. Will any business plan that’s sustained itself for a long time can charge significantly in one version and offers the same version free to people that have a business model that will work over time? In the last year even many newspaper have succeeded in those experiments in getting paid for what they were giving away for free. I think there is a future for newspapers that exist in an area where there a senses of community, where people care about what’s going on, about their schools in their geographic area. it’s not as bulletproof as it used to be, but I think if you live where most people have a sense of community, cover the local area with news people are concerned of, doing that better than other people. So we have bought, we own a paper in buffalo, and we make a internet presence there, the economics based on the prices we’ve paid and made, I think the economics will work out okay, but it’s nothing like the old days but it still fulfills important purpose. It will tell you a whole lot about what’s going on locally if you’re interested.<BR><BR>Charlie: We had a similar situation at World Book. The encyclopedia businesses was ruined, given away for free by&nbsp;</FONT><A href="http://www.buffettchina.com/l%20ink.php?url=http://www.gurufocus.com%2FStockBuy.php%3FGuruName%3DBill%2BGates" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bill Gates</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman">, not much profit in newspapers as it used to. it’s not going to be our best businesses.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We will be going where there a strong sense of community. If you live in <st1:City w:st="on">grand island</st1:City> at <st1:State w:st="on">Nebraska</st1:State>, and your children live there and your church is there, you will be interested in the state of <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Nebraska</st1:place></st1:State> on TV or the internet, and you’ll be willing to pay something for it, and advertisers will find a good way to talk to you, but it won’t be like the old days.<BR><BR><STRONG>Technology has affected many of the businesses. What businesses will be affected in the future by companies such as Amazon (</STRONG></FONT><A href="http://www.buffettchina.com/l%20ink.php?url=http://www.gurufocus.com%2FStockBuy.php%3Fsymbol%3DAMZN" target=_blank><B><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><FONT face="Times New Roman">AMZN</FONT></SPAN></B></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: AMZN is a powerhouse. I don’t think it will affect furniture, but it will affect other things. The first four days of this week, our business at the furnishing market are up about 11% since last year. on Tuesday we got over 6 million in business, huge volumes. And we’re going to <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Dallas</st1:place></st1:City>, a 433 acre plot down there. Going back to Amazon (</FONT><A href="http://www.buffettchina.com/l%20ink.php?url=http://www.gurufocus.com%2FStockBuy.php%3Fsymbol%3DAMZN" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><FONT face="Times New Roman">AMZN</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman">), Geico is affected by the internet. Geico was selling through mail, originally. It was very successful. Then it moved to TV, then internet came along. I thought only young people would look for quotes on the internet, I would be calling on a rotary dial phone. The business just changed dramatically to the internet. Things do change a lot and the consumer finds something that they’re like to buy. For Amazon, it is very hard to find unhappy customers. A business that has millions and millions of happy customers can introduce them to new items, it will be a powerhouse and could affect a lot of businesses.<BR><BR>Charlie: Anything that can easily be bought using a home computer will be affected. I won’t be buying the stuff. I almost never buy anything. I think it will hugely affect a lot of people, and is really terrible for a lot of retailers.<BR><BR><STRONG>If other companies want to copy <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>’s Model, care to comment?</STRONG><BR><BR>Charlie: We have a very peculiar model, it’s very hard to people to copy this.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: It takes a great amount of consistency. It is possible at <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> because of we are controlling shareholders. We’ve had a culture where we can write out 13-14 principles 30 years ago, and still stick with them. That’s very hard to do, it takes a very unusual structure in order to do that. It took a long time. We bought the Dutch company yesterday, big private acquisitions will come to BH because they want to, and that’s a significant competitive advantage.<BR><BR><STRONG>BH has several investments in other publicly traded companies. BH must cast votes on matters, could you tell us how you vote our shares in these companies?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We’ve almost never voted against management, but there have been a couple of times we’ve thought, stock option expensing, there may have been a bad option grant. Our general feeling is when we’re a large shareholder, we generally like the business, we like the management, they’re not going to subscribe to our views. It is not that they are bad people, they just judge differently, think differently. That doesn’t rule out owning a big piece of the business. We are not trying to change people. We know we don’t want anyone to change us. We accept people the way they come, We don’t expect everyone to be clones of us, if we were to see a particularly dumb merger, stock option plan, etc, but we might vote against it. It would pass anyways but we wouldn’t conduct a campaign against it. We have seen some of our companies engage in what we thought were really dumb deals, i think we voted against maybe one or two of them<BR><BR><STRONG>Wal-Mart is a large position of <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>. How does Mexican scandal affect it?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I do not think the earning power of WMT 5 years of now will be affected that much by the situation.<BR><BR>Charlie: These are interesting issues. I’m unaware of any place where BH is slipping; it’s not inconceivable we could have some slipping somewhere. In a company as big as WMT there’s going to be a small glitch.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We have 270,000 people today. At least 20 people are doing something wrong. We can have a bull in the face about people do and not do, a lot of people will just do crazy things. It is a real worry if you’re running a big company. You act fast if you hear about something and we’ve got communications, but that does not stop the fact that right now someone is doing something wrong at BH, and we try to convey to the managers that when they find out about something, act on it, we can handle bad news as long as we get it promptly. I am very sympathetic of managers of large companies; you’ll have some very peculiar people.<BR><BR><STRONG>Thank you for being open about your heath situation. As I have traveled a long way, I’m hoping for a good answer from you and Charlie as well. My question is, how do you value declining businesses? Encyclopedia and retailing businesses, how do value declining businesses?</STRONG><BR><BR>Charlie: They’re not worth as much as growing businesses.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: We are in several declining businesses, such as newspaper business. We will pay a price in a declining business, but that is not where we’re going to make money at BH. The real money is going to be made through growing businesses, and that’s where the focus should be. I would never spend a lot of time trying to value a declining business and thinking I am getting one free. The same amount of energy and intelligence brought to better types of businesses is just going to come out better. We started with declining businesses, textiles in <st1:place w:st="on">New England</st1:place>. We have one business that had $120 million in sales in 1970s, but only $20,000 in sales last year. We thought of brining the sales chart down here and turning it upside down. In 1966, we put $6 million in a company, we called it diversified retailing even though there was one company, in our defense there were 4 department stores, but that $6 million has turned into about $30 billion starting with that failed business.<BR><BR><STRONG>Media: Many of us are interested in what you’re buying, but you won’t tell us. What in the investment world strikes you as folly, crazy, or dumb?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: I think we should start with companies that I don’t understand. I don’t have a reasonable idea about how the industry will develop within 5 to 10 years, and that eliminates a whole bunch of things. If the price is crazy even If I do understand it then that’s out as well. So we’re down to a small group of companies. The idea that someone is bringing something to the market, and that is going to be the single cheapest thing to buy, it’s nonsense. You know it can’t be the most attractive thing, but people get excited about what’s coming and all. I will guarantee you that you will have thousands of opportunities and most of them are not special. It just doesn’t make any sense to spend 5 seconds thinking about them, but we don’t think about them. There’s also industries that we think could potentially do very well but we have no idea who the clear winners could be in the next few years, so we don’t think about those as well. You can’t have a big disaster in this business. We don’t want to lose a significant percentage of BH net worth and so far we haven’t.<BR><BR><STRONG>How long do you think it will take <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region> to have a company like CocaCola?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on">Warren</st1:City>: <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s got some huge companies and they may have clips in market value, some of the ones is as big as Coca Cola.<BR><BR><STRONG>Given that you’re now in IBM, are there any companies? Is Google inevitable? What are the one or two things about Google and Apple that you feel?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Well both are extraordinary companies, they look very tough to dislodge where they have their strengths, I would not be at all surprised to see them worth a lot more money 10 years from now, but I would not want to own either one of them. But I would short them either.<BR><BR>Charlie: I think we can fairly say that other people will always understand those two companies better than we do.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: The chances of being way wrong in IBM are probably less than being way wrong for Google or Apple, but that doesn’t mean that the latter two aren’t going to do as well as IBM. We wouldn’t have predicted what would happen with Apple 10 years ago, and it’s very hard for me to predict them 10 years from now.<BR><BR><STRONG>Recently we’ve seen some coal plant closings and other things. Will thos affect BNSF?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: There is no question that railroads, utilities, insurance companies, are all very much affected by political process. Economics are on our side in the railroad industry, we can move a ton of products 500 miles on a gallon of diesel. Railroads move 42% of inner city stuff. In terms of congestion and emissions, railroads are all advantage. We got a wonderful product, overall I like our position. They do have to be involved in politics because people who would like to change some of the rules are going to be in politics too, and things will be decided in state capitals and more importantly in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Washington</st1:place></st1:State>. I think it would be very dumb for the country to do anything that discourages the railroad industry from spending the kind of capital that needs to be spent in the future. The country has a strong interest in the railroad industry, having ever incentive to invest, and the railroad industry paves its own way. $3.9 billion will be spent this year to expand and improve, and the country will be better off.<BR><BR>Charlie: It’s the nature of things there are good breaks and bad breaks. BNSF helped double the container carriage tunnels higher and ridges wider, found oil, bad breaks too, but averaged out it’s a terrific business and terrific management.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on">Warren</st1:City>: After WWII the railroad industry have 1.7 million employees in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Now there are only 200,000 employees and have become a lot more efficient. It’s a fundamentally very good way to move heavy stuff a long distance. It’s hard to conceive of anything. Trains are pretty darn good.<BR><BR><STRONG>In AIG, some people were decreasing exposure to risk, while others increased. How do you share information across units among <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> companies?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on">Warren</st1:City>: There are certainly some people in Berkshire who have contact with other people in <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>, but we don’t make any attempt. We want our businesses to feel like they are their own business. We don’t tell the people how to run their business. The moment we start telling them how to change the way they operate that just erodes that advantage which we feel very substantial about how they feel that the company is actual theirs.<BR><BR><STRONG>Trees are one of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">America</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s greatest resources. We have a well run forester, they can use their product to subsidiaries of <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place>. Will you consider buying a forest company?</STRONG><BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: When we buy a business, we never think much about this company’s product can be used in other companies. To date, we’ve looked at several forestry companies, the business that’s reasonably easy to understand, but the math has escaped us in terms of being compelling.<BR><BR>Charlie: We’d be at a disadvantage for any kind of activity to compete. They have eliminated one tax in their structure that we have to bear, limited federal income tax, we have a structural disadvantage that is really quite significant.<BR><BR><STRONG>You mentioned 20 billion is the cash you need. Has it changed over time, and why?</STRONG><BR><BR>Warren: I would get very worried if someone told us exactly how much cash we needed, Charlie and I saw a lot of problems developed in an organization, how to calculate their risk, they were a lot smarter than we were. We both have the same state of mind where we think about worst cases all the time. Then we add on a big margin of safety, I enjoy tossing those papers in the other room but I don’t want to do it for a living, so I undoubtedly built in layers of safety. It’s our job to think what can really go wrong with this place. If you’re calibrating it in some mathematical way, you got to be worried.<BR><BR>Charlie: They twist the problem to fit the solution.<BR><BR><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Warren</st1:place></st1:City>: Life in financial markets has got no relations to Sigmas.<BR><BR>You wrote that you expected the housing market to be improved by now. But now. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are getting worse?<BR><BR><STRONG>How are Tom Combs and&nbsp;</STRONG></FONT><A href="http://www.buffettchina.com/l%20ink.php?url=http://www.gurufocus.com%2FStockBuy.php%3FGuruName%3DTed%2BWeschler" target=_blank><B><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ted Weschler</FONT></SPAN></B></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>&nbsp;’s performances? How much are they paid?</STRONG><BR><BR>We are more concerned about how they achieved their record than the record itself. We also check their integrity. These two are perfect.<BR><BR>We pay $1 million a year for each of them. We also give me them 10% of the part that they outperform the S&amp;P500. The same structure we paid Lou Simpson. If they hire people, that come out their performance. They operate their own brokers. We told them if they get into a new name, I told them to tell me the name. I just want to make sure they did not buy from the insider information I have.<BR><BR>They will do a great job. Todd did substantially better than S&amp;P500 last year. Ted just joined this year.<BR><BR>Charlie: 90% of the investment business started off our formula. I think these people will be do very well. I hope that one day they will join the 400 people I mentioned.<BR><BR>(This note should include most of the Q&amp; sessions in this year’s <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> meeting. We did miss some at the end as the computer run out of battery. Enjoy)<BR><BR>This was the question that GuruFocus sent to Carol Lomis. She acknowledged that she received the message. But the question was not asked. Here is the question:<BR><BR>Currently US corporations are enjoying historical high profit margins. In your opinion, why can <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> corporations have high margins now? Is the high profit margin sustainable? If not, what factors will bring the margins down?<BR><BR>We welcome your comment on this question.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">年伯克希尔</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">·</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">哈撒韦股东大会（文字实录）</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">作者：</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来源：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><A href="http://www.cnstock.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><SPAN lang=EN-US>中国证券网</SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2012-05-06 13:02:56 &nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美国中部时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日上午</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:30)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，股神巴菲特执掌的伯克希尔─哈撒韦公司</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年股东大会在奥马哈举行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">21:19:43&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美国中部时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日上午</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京时间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:30)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，股神巴菲特执掌的伯克希尔─哈撒韦公司</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年股东大会在奥马哈举行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">21:31:12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; U2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的音乐响起，将播放一个小时影片！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:02:46&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万名股东参加了今年在奥马哈举行的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年巴菲特股东大会，巴菲特将主持全天的问答环节。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:22:20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">到底多少人参加盛会呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> CenturyL ink</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中心给出的答案是约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.83</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人，他们是股东中的精英。虽然有约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人来到内布拉斯加这个小城，但不是所有人都能进场。所有座位都坐满了人，有些个别座位上还有两人。不过不能入场股东情绪也还不错，只要是股东，购物吃喝都有优惠甚至可享受专场。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:24:12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本次股东大会会场的安保工作非常严密，在会议正式开始前的预热活动中，巴菲特的保镖不离其左右。中间还发生了一段小插曲，巴菲特的保镖拦住了一位冲向巴菲特并想把一本书递给他的女士。巴菲特的保镖还对路透社的一名记者进行了手摸式搜身检查。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:32:35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特和黄金搭档芒格终于登上主席台！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:35:21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全场掌声雷动！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:37:35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主席台上为巴菲特和其老搭档查理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格准备了乳脂软糖和花生糖。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:41:26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问答环节开始，由三位记者提问，其中一位来自《财富》，其中一位来自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CNBC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:41:47&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来自《财富》的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Carol Loomis</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">代表股东向巴菲特提问：下一任伯克希尔哈撒韦的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CEO</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是否会配有一位独立的首席风险官？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:42:16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特回答说他就是伯克希尔哈撒韦的首席风险官，由他负责确保公司不会陷入大的麻烦之中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:46:03&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">记者问到了继承人问题，巴菲特回答说“董事会已经准备了一个继承人计划。但巴菲特未明确透露继承人名单。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:49:58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特在谈到继承人问题时开玩笑说文科专业出身的人不会成为伯克希尔的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CEO</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，接着他一本正经的说“我的继任者不可能完成我完成的每一笔交易，但是我的继承人有能力胜任这项工作。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:53:40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，虽然自己的继承人无法做成像</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年自己所做的高盛和通用电气这样划算的交易，但是类似这样的交易不是伯克希尔的立足之本。伯克希尔的成功是建立在像购买可口可乐和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">IBM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这样的公司之上的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:56:48&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本次股东大会第一次邀请了华尔街的分析员来问问题，第一个提问的股票分析师</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Cliff Galant </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问到了保险业如何规避风险。巴菲特表示，伯克希尔还是很保守的，除非遇到向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">911</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这样的恐怖袭击，他对自己旗下的保险业还是很有信心的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:58:21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来自康涅狄格州的一位股东向巴菲特提问你是否向其投资的公司</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">CEO</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">们提建议，巴菲特的回答很简单：他不会这样做。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22:59:30&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不过，巴菲特也补充说，如果他认为伯克希尔的成功取决于向所投资的公司提些建议，他也会这样做。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:07:06&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来自巴克莱的分析师</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Jay Gelb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向巴菲特发问，”伯克希尔何时进行股票回购以及规模如何？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:07:50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特和芒格解释了公司进行股票回购的各种原因，但巴菲特最后表示：”我们会进行股票回购的唯一原因就是增加伯克希尔的价值。“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:19:13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位来自澳大利亚的股东谈到了欧洲银行和美国银行的问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:19:18&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特回答说，“我将把欧洲银行业和美国银行放分成两类考虑，你想一想如果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">国政府都必须合作出一个计划是什么样子。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:20:47&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特认为，不论愿意与否，财政部和美联储迫使银行筹资的做法是明智的。他同时指出，欧洲银行更依赖融资，但在获得欧洲央行廉价贷款之前，他们不愿意这样做。最终的结果是，美国银行目前的形势好于欧洲银行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:21:22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特还赞扬了前财政部部长鲍尔森和美联储主席伯南克的决策。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:24:00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有个商学院的学生问巴菲特如果想要学习投资应该怎么办。巴菲特挠挠头，然后转向他的搭档查理芒格，芒格说，我不觉得教育和会投资有什么必然的关系。然后全场笑声一片。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:30:43&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">DealBook</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Andrew Ross Sorkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向巴菲特问到了能源问题，是投资煤还是天然气？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　巴菲特回答说尽管油天然气之间的价格比很惊人，这些能源的价格处于不断变化中。他补充说，美国对煤的依赖程度将越来越低。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:37:20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">借着一位股东的问题，巴菲特说”违背股东的智慧是职业生涯中非常艰难的事情“。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　巴菲特还说，他所认为的理想课程是教导人如何评估一个企业。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:43:47&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特还谈到了巴菲特规则，他解释了更多和这个规则有关的理由，该规则旨在恢复</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代初期至中期的高级白领的税率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:43:50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说，巴菲特规则只会影响年收入上亿的极少数人，他们平均税率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">15%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，而其中不少富人的税率甚至低于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:49:05&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特透露过去几个月中他险些完成一笔价值</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">220</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亿美元的收购交易。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:50:02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东说他</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">84</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的父亲不会购买伯克希尔股票的原因是巴菲特规则。巴菲特回答说这听起来像这位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">84</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的老人应当拥有福克斯。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:53:35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有人向巴菲特问到了第一个健康问题，“您感觉如何？”巴菲特回答说：“很糟糕。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:53:48&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格补充说：“我对巴菲特的遭遇感到同情。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23:54:44&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格说：“我憎恨那些说巴菲特不行的话，事实上我的前列腺问题更多，但是我从不去做检查。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:01:51&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">纽约时报记者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Andrew Ross Sorkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在提问，他说，巴菲特，有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多个人给我的邮箱发了同一个问题让我问。这是个很简单的问题，</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那就是：您的身体到底怎么样了？巴菲特以积极的心态回应说，”好极了“，获得了投资者经久不息的掌声。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:14:22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有人向巴菲特发问，”过去</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年中伯克希尔旗下哪家公司竞争优势提升的速度最快“？巴菲特回答说是伯灵顿北方圣太菲铁路运输公司</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(BNSF)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:19:23&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Becky Quick</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向巴菲特提问说，”在您之后谁将负责伯克希尔的衍生品投资“？巴菲特说，伯克希尔的部分业务，如公共事业板块，需要使用衍生品做对冲。但一般情况下，在自己离开公司前，衍生品不太可能在伯克希尔的利润或亏损中占据较大比例。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:25:33&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特还谈到股票和农场比黄金更具价值。如，伯克希尔创立时金价为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美元，其股价为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美元。现在金价为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1600</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美元，而伯克希尔的股价已经达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万美元。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:28:24&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东说近年来黄金的回报率好于投资股票，巴菲特则说从长期看他的公司已经击败了黄金。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:31:16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">纽约时报的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Andrew Sorkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向巴菲特提到了一个有意思的问题，即他在个人投资问题上的决定是如何做出的？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:33:20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于这个问题，巴菲特笑着回答说，“我最好的主意都在伯克希尔。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:40:55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有人向巴菲特提问，“伯克希尔是否应当进行更多股票回购或使用股票进行是否？”“我们更喜欢用现金，只是因为我们正创造更多现金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">" </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说。此外，巴菲特不赞成随意分发股票。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">00:59:17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">投资人关注传统平面媒体与现代网络媒体的前景。巴菲特说美国报纸已由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1700</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余种减少到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1400</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种。但媒体受众不同，需求特点不同各有空间。芒格开始左顾右盼了。观众中有人捧着午餐盒回到会场，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美元元一盒，一个汉堡和一点零食，不贵也不便宜。芒格说会期同比所投家俱店销售日过千万增长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:00:46&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现在谈到太阳能和风能，巴菲特称短期效益出不来，但方向很有意义，等待价格合理时要投资。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:04:19&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来自《财富》的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Carol Loomis</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向巴菲特提问他为什么收购了《奥马哈世界先驱报》，因为目前报业的前景并不乐观。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:04:26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特还指出，报纸存在的主要问题是：发行成本和在提供免费网络内容的同时还对印刷版本进行收费。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:15:37&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《纽约时报》的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Andrew Sorkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">继续提问：巴菲特对于伯克希尔投资的沃尔玛的看法，是否因近期沃尔玛墨西哥子公司的贿赂丑闻而改变？巴菲特回答说：”看起来他们或许在这个问题上犯下了错误。我并不认为这件事的结果会严重影响沃尔玛的盈利能力“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:16:01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">针对沃尔玛事件，芒格也补充说像沃尔玛这种大公司，很难确保每个人都一直按规则行事，自己并未看到沃尔玛”不光彩的“一面。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:17:11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上半场结束，短暂用餐之后，巴菲特和芒格会进行下午的问答。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">01:22:56&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京时间凌晨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点巴菲特和芒格的问答将继续，会持续到凌晨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点半。各位网友，咱们也抓紧吃点喝点。下半场见！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:00:16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">各位网友，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年巴菲特股东大会下半场开始。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:04:16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">会场有人提问“伯克希尔旗下保险公司</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">General Re</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有怎样的增长潜力”？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:07:05&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，在收购</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">General Re</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，这家公司正在向正确的方向发展，但收购之后其发展偏离了轨道。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:09:23&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他说：“我认为他们更担忧增长而不是盈利，这耗费了我们一段时间来解决这个问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:10:19&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示其希望</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">General Re</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保险业务的增长速度快于其他业务。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:13:11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东谈到了后巴菲特时代伯克希尔的发展方向。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:15:21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，在被问到包括对冲基金在内的投资者能否聚拢巨额资金来改变该公司的文化时，巴菲特回应说可能性极低，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:16:57&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为目前伯克希尔的市值达到了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2018</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亿美元，而他家族将在长时间内拥有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">倍于任何一位股东的投标权。而巴菲特还补充说，“伯克希尔和多数公司的情况不同。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:19:23&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有记者请巴菲特谈论一下具备吸引力但需耗费大量现金的行业。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:21:52&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，未来</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年内我们将向铁路行业投入大量资金。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:24:27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在回答分析师有关伯克希尔保险浮存金的问题时，巴菲特回答说：“我们正在探索令浮存金增长的合理方式，但浮存金不会大规模增长。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:28:41&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东向巴菲特提问其是否担心伯克希尔的投资经理人会因追求离开公司，巴菲特回应说这种现象不会发生，金钱并不是这些投资经理人追求的目标。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:33:21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位来自中欧的投资者问到了巴菲特对于投资于衰落行业的看法。巴菲特的回答很直接，他倾向于远离这些行业。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:34:32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我从不会在帮助衰落行业复兴上花费很多时间。同样的精力和智慧应当投入到其他行业中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:37:56&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《纽约时报》的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Andrew Sorkin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问到了巴菲特对于谷歌和苹果等科技公司的看法，因为伯克希尔投资了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">IBM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:40:13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示：“他们都是盈利能力很强而且很庞大公司，很难影响他们的市场领先地位。”然而，巴菲特表示其不愿意投资谷歌和苹果中的任何一家公司。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:44:21&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场有人向巴菲特提问对那些会受到政治因素影响的公司的看法，巴菲特回应说经济因素通常是最后的胜利者。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:48:35&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当巴菲特询问观众问题的时候，一位员工说：“第四区现在没人提问”。媒体区出现哄笑，巴菲特也颇感意外，停顿了一下说：这是第一次！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:54:26&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">BNSF</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的业务很难受到政治的实质性影响，公共事业板块亦是如此。铁路业会在国家和州的层面受到政治的影响，但政府从开支上打压铁路业是不明智的做法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02:59:33&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场有人提问：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中国需要多长时间才能出现像可口可乐一样伟大公司？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:01:01&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格回答说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中国已经拥有一些伟大的公司。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:03:45&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特回应称：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们倾向于一些出口优质产品的中国公司，特别是指消费产品。中国已经拥有一些巨型公司，这些公司的市值将超过部分美国公司。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:06:37&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场有股东向巴菲特询问：楼市的情况以及房利美和房地美是否真的是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大而不倒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:08:14&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示：“房利美和房地美的情况确实很糟糕。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:10:21&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">针对楼市问题，巴菲特继续补充说：”对于拥有足够的首付款和收入的借贷人来说，拥有一个可以将成本降到最低的市场很重要。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:11:31&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特认为，房地美和房利美将在长时间内处于接管状态下。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:13:45&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场有人提问说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大家都对你们买什么感兴趣，基于芒格反向思考法则，你们不会买什么？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:16:48&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们会规避我们不理解的东西，这并不意味着我们不了解一家企业是做什么的，只是代表我无法推断未来五年内其盈利能力和竞争地位。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:18:34&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东提问：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"BNSF</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的一个优势在于其环保性。如果一家公司是环保的且值得投资，你将如何评判？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:20:48&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分析取决于公司的类型。我们不会从杂志或书中寻找答案，我们关注的是特定行业或公司的动态。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">"<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:22:01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东提问：“怎样才能促使美国增长率再次达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">？”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:23:28&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格说：“需要做很多事情，这并不容易。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:24:32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说：“如果人口每年增长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">增长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，那是很好的。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:25:04&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特接着说：“我们的国家并不糟糕，但我们的政治有些糟糕。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:25:45&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格补充说：“我认为实际</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年增长率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是很好的了，别把目标定得太高。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:27:59&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有股东提问：“是否考虑向超级政治行动委员会</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(Super PAC)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">捐献？”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:29:31&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特：“不会。我认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Super PAC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的整个想法就是错误的。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:31:19&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说：“我不希望民主向那个方向发展。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:34:59&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格说：“我对我们政治的本质的看法很消极。”他还说，只有当其认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Super PACs</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以对人起到积极影响时，才会支持</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Super PACs</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:39:34&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有股东提问：“如果你考虑股票回购，为什么不考虑派发股息呢？”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:43:59&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，公司留下的每美元都会为公司的股票创造至少亿美元的价值。他说，基本上，对于股东来说，将资金用于积极投资的价值高于派发股息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:46:33&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“如果我们派发股息，我们股东的净值将下降”，巴菲特说。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:49:53&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位股东提问说：“相比于起步时，依靠现在所拥有的东西，你们目前的表现会好于那时吗？”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:53:25&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特和芒格都表示，如果有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万美元，现在他们的表现会强于起步时。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:56:13&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一位拥有一家软件公司的年轻人提问说：“你怎么尽量不犯错误？”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">03:59:36&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特说：“我们曾犯下错误，我们也将犯下更多错误。我们会一直考虑到最糟糕的情况，但我们自然倾向于做大事。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:01:47&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特继续说：“我们并不担心犯错误，我所考虑的是未来如何做到不同。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　<STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　</SPAN></STRONG></SPAN><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:03:31&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">一位股东问到了比亚迪汽车，以及电动车需求的增长是否会促使比亚迪将产品供应到美国。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:05:42&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">巴菲特请芒格回答了这一问题。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:06:47&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">针对比亚迪的问题，芒格说比亚迪专注于中国汽车市场，尽管比亚迪进入美国的第一个重要举动可能是涉足加利福尼亚的汽车租赁业务。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:07:58&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">针对比亚迪在美国的前景，芒格认为，比亚迪的成功和盈利前景最终可能明朗化。芒格特地提到了政府对于电动汽车的补贴。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:09:47&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">但当谈到比亚迪在不久的将来能够在美国售出多少汽车的问题时，芒格则简短地说</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">非常低</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:10:34&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">芒格还认为，针对比亚迪和电动汽车在美国的发展，政府应当和对待风能和其他绿色技术那样给予补贴。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">　　</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:12:56&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">芒格表示，近期他曾试驾了一款新电动汽车，和旧款电动车相比，新款电动车在性能上的提升令其</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">大吃一惊</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">。</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:16:32&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">看起来一些股东已经准备退场了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:18:51 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场有人提问：”其中一个最大的风险是欧洲主权债务问题。对此您怎么看？“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:20:56 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，历史演进过程中我们看到了很多和主权债务有关的失败案例。巴菲特并不知道欧洲将如何渡过这场危机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:22:43 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现场还有人提问如何终结欧洲主权债务危机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:24:24 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特表示，主权国家不能一直借贷，但现在也不能停止借贷。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:25:56 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">芒格则对凯恩斯主张的国家直接干预的效果持怀疑态度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:26:16 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">股东的最后一个问题是理想的企业税税率是怎样的？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:28:14 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特回答说：“去年实际上缴的税率约为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。企业税税率是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">35%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，去年我们可以减记大部分固定资产。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:28:34 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">针对企业税税率问题，巴菲特继续说：”我们会将资金用于我们认为存在机会的地方。“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:29:24 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">巴菲特认为，并不是资本匮乏或税率阻碍了经济复苏，企业税税率并不会对经济造成重大影响，也不是美国的问题所在。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">04:30:00 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">本次股东大会问答环节正式结束</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-16 13:52:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[巴菲特经典名言微博4：【5月5日，伯克希尔股东大会时间表】]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2208239.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[【5月5日，大会时间表】<BR>#巴菲特#的股东大会正式召开，问答环节预定为上午9:30～下午4：00，中间午餐和稍事休息！长达5小时！<BR><BR><IGNORE_JS_OP><IMG class=zoom id=aimg_5934 title=1284.jpg alt=1284.jpg src="http://www.bafeit.com/data/attachment/forum/201204/29/14055799jzgof69hosq3hm.jpg" width=600 unselectable="http://blog71.cnstock.com/true" inpost="1" file="data/attachment/forum/201204/29/14055799jzgof69hosq3hm.jpg" zoomfile="data/attachment/forum/201204/29/14055799jzgof69hosq3hm.jpg" aid="5934" status="2" initialized="true" outfunc="null">]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-4 22:55:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[巴菲特经典名言微博3：今年出售巴菲特和芒格]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2208183.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P node-type="feed_list_content">呵呵，是限量的吗？应该会很受欢迎吧</P>
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<DD class="arrow W_bgcolor_arrow"><EM class=W_arrline>◆</EM><SPAN>◆</SPAN> 
<DT node-type="feed_list_forwardContent" sizcache="3" sizset="192"><A title=巴菲特经典名言V href="http://weibo.com/mrbuffett" usercard="http://blog71.cnstock.com/id=2507012672" nick-name="巴菲特经典名言V">@巴菲特经典名言V</A> ： <EM sizcache="3" sizset="193">【股东大会2012：金币】 <A class=a_topic href="http://s.weibo.com/weibo/%25E5%25B7%25B4%25E8%258F%25B2%25E7%2589%25B9">#巴菲特#</A>的波仙珠宝店。今年出售巴菲特和芒格！ 什么？对不起，是出售印有二位老先生头像的金币！ 名称为：Borsheims for Berkshire Hathaway 2012； 质地为：22K金币（请注意，不是24K的）1/2盎司重； 价格为：$990，巴菲特和芒格一个价，很公平！</EM> 
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<DD class="info W_b W_textb" sizcache="3" sizset="194"><SPAN sizcache="3" sizset="194"><A href="http://weibo.com/2507012672/yhutoFr0E?type=repost">转发(2)</A> <I class=W_vline>|</I> <A href="http://weibo.com/2507012672/yhutoFr0E">评论(1)</A> </SPAN><A class=date title="http://blog71.cnstock.com/2012-05-03 19:47" href="http://weibo.com/2507012672/yhutoFr0E" node-type="http://blog71.cnstock.com/feed_list_item_date" date="1336045633000">5月3日19:47</A> 来自<A href="http://weibo.com/" target=_blank rel=nofollow>新浪微博</A> </DD></DL>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-4 21:00:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[巴菲特经典名言微博2：参加伯克希尔股东大会，巴菲特请客]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2208173.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体>哈哈，有意去伯克希尔的巴迷们或许可以效仿，如果操作得好，巴菲特先生就为你买单了。。。<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">◆</SPAN></EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">◆</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><A title=巴菲特经典名言V href="http://weibo.com/mrbuffett" usercard="http://blog71.cnstock.com/id=2507012672" nick-name="巴菲特经典名言V"><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman">@</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>巴菲特经典名言</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><FONT face="Times New Roman">V</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">【股东大会</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2012</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：巴菲特请客】</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">匿名为</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不明真相的群众</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的投资者（雪球财经之方三文先生）为了参加年会在今年</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日买了一股伯克希尔</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">股，最后在</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不明真相的情况</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下把这次旅行的差旅费赚了回来。</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">截至昨日收盘，获益</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.26%</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，约五千美元，折合</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万余人民币！</SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://s.weibo.com/weibo/%25E5%25B7%25B4%25E8%258F%25B2%25E7%2589%25B9"><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman">#</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>巴菲特</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman">#</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">请客了！</SPAN></EM><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><IMG class=bigcursor alt="" src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/thumbnail/956dfa40gw1dsk8rm3qunj.jpg" node-type="http://blog71.cnstock.com/feed_list_media_bgimg"></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-4 20:32:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[巴菲特经典名言微博1：参加伯克希尔股东大会，你准备好了吗？]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2208170.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">巴菲特经典名言微博<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>：参加伯克希尔股东大会，你准备好了吗？ <SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">伯克希尔股东大会临近，推荐大家观注【巴菲特经典名言】的微博。资料图片丰富详实， 很多都是独家报道，非常珍贵。会犹如亲自参加伯克希尔股东大会！希望中道巴菲特俱乐部今后能邀请到他和我们一起交流。<BR>&nbsp;</SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">参加伯克希尔股东大会，你准备好了吗？</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><A title=巴菲特经典名言V href="http://weibo.com/mrbuffett">@<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>巴菲特经典名言V</SPAN></SPAN></A> </SPAN><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">： <I>【股东大会<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>：如何参加】 如何获取<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://s.weibo.com/weibo/%25E5%25B7%25B4%25E8%258F%25B2%25E7%2589%25B9">#<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>巴菲特#</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>年会参会资格：<SPAN lang=EN-US> 1.</SPAN>你必须最少买一股股票，伯克希尔有<SPAN lang=EN-US>A/B</SPAN>股，<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股<SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN>美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>/</SPAN>股，应可承受。<SPAN lang=EN-US> 2.</SPAN>每位股东最多有<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>份与会资格证书，意味可四人同行。<SPAN lang=EN-US> 3.</SPAN>伯克希尔公司会在<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>月中旬把<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011</SPAN>年年报连同委托书和反馈卡等寄给股东<SPAN lang=EN-US> 4.</SPAN>申请美国签证。<SPAN lang=EN-US>GO</SPAN>！<SPAN lang=EN-US><A title="http://blog71.cnstock.com/" href="http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/zOTRnAT" target=_blank>/zOTRnAT</A></SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><IMG class=bigcursor alt="" src="http://ww2.sinaimg.cn/thumbnail/956dfa40gw1dsk8tuvulwj.jpg" node-type="http://blog71.cnstock.com/feed_list_media_bgimg">·<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"></v:path><o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x0000_i1025 style="WIDTH: 90pt; HEIGHT: 120pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><v:imagedata src="http://blog71.cnstock.com/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.jpg" o:href="http://ww2.sinaimg.cn/thumbnail/956dfa40gw1dsk8tuvulwj.jpg"></v:imagedata></v:shape><v:shape id=_x0000_i1026 style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/WIDTH: 12pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><v:imagedata src="http://blog71.cnstock.com/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image003.gif" o:href="http://img.t.sinajs.cn/t4/style/images/common/loading.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-4 20:23:00</pubDate>
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<title><![CDATA[伯克希尔2008年度股东大会纪要]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2206801.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">伯克希尔<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体" lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">年度</SPAN></B>股东大会纪要<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">　　编者按：和讯网特别翻译了伯克希尔公司年度股东大会现场实录，以飨广大读者下面为正文：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">和讯消息 据奥马哈世界先驱报报道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="2" Month="5" Year="2009" w:st="on">2009<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>年5</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>月2</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>日</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chsdate>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司举行了年度股东大会以下是大会现场实录全文：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>8:41 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>哈撒韦公司的年会开场影片拉开了帷幕影片一开篇是一段动画<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在动画里<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>沃伦巴菲特、查理芒格和其他总裁们承认<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>年是非常艰难的一年<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们承诺要在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2009</SPAN>年更加努力工作在这场全球经济衰退中<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司也没能幸免。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>8:45 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">奥马哈奎斯特中心与会者爆满<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>整个会场容纳了<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>万<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>千多人今年有将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>万<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>千名股东来到奥马哈<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>许多人涌入会展中心旁边的展览大厅这次年会使用多媒体高科技手段将会议现场情况传播到大厅和各个房间<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>每个人都能看到并且听到会议的情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>8:52 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">深夜秀名嘴们以及其他一些喜剧演员出现在年会开场电影的一个片段当中<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>剧中人物就经济萧条和政府为振兴经济所做的努力开着玩笑影片中<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>名嘴之一大卫莱特曼宣布现在正是购买股票的大好时机<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这句话曾是巴菲特在经济危机的时候给股民的建议<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>现在被莱特曼拿来开玩笑莱特曼建议人们不要购买那些经常买的东西<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>要去买一些通用汽车的股票。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:03 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">另一个片段展示的是巴菲特在伯克希尔旗下的内布拉斯加家具中心里在一个床垫上打盹以检查<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>产品质量<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的情景考虑到伯克希尔公司股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>年间的大幅下跌<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一位经理走上前来告诉巴菲特能睡觉的日子巴菲特赞同这个观点并试图向一位顾客推销床垫<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他说董事会建议他找点别的事做巴菲特告诉这个顾客这与伯克希尔公司的资信评估下降有关巴菲特说服顾客买了一个名为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>紧张的尼尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的床垫<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这是自道琼斯工业指数下跌以来的一笔大买卖这款床垫的特点是有能装钞票 和其他贵重物品的口袋那位女顾客去买床垫<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特将床垫中用以展示的现金悉数掏了出来<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>里面还掏出一个内布拉斯加玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>资讯<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>行情<SPAN lang=EN-US>)(</SPAN>资讯<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>行情<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>壳州的足球、杂志还有其他物品巴菲特打电话给查理芒格要求其送货上门。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:17 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">年会开场影片的观众们了解到了政府员工汽车保险公司广告肖像壁虎<SPAN lang=EN-US>Gecko</SPAN>的来历故事讲述道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这只壁虎和其他的蜥蜴并不一样<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>影片展示出一个削减优待券以帮助人们省钱的家庭接着<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一只蜥蜴给这个家庭留了一张纸条<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>纸条上写道他想自己出去打拼<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>去追求更美好的生活当他接到人们把他误认为是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>政府员工保险公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>（<SPAN lang=EN-US> Geico</SPAN>）而打来的电话时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他孤独的生活从此改变了他拜访了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>政府员工保险公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>（<SPAN lang=EN-US> Geico</SPAN>）的办公地点<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>市场部主管认识到了壁虎<SPAN lang=EN-US>Gecko</SPAN>想要帮助人们省钱的愿望<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>政府员工保险公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>（<SPAN lang=EN-US> Geico</SPAN>）对于汽车保险的宗旨是一致的<SPAN lang=EN-US>Geico</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>Gecko</SPAN>发音非常相似<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这段广告传奇就由此而来。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:21 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">和去年一样<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>今年的年会上也放映了一段脚本喜剧在这段喜剧里<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一个投资银行家就向不良房屋抵押提供支持的复杂金融手段问题接受采访当被问及是什么原因导致体系崩溃这位投资银行家说因为人们开始询问抵押的价值究竟是什么银行家叹息道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,“</SPAN>啊<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>美好的往日啊<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:24 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">年会开场影片结束<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:27 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特和查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>芒格入座巴菲特表示今年的问题和答案将会有所不同<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>同时记者相互交换着在座股东所提出的问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:33 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特谈到美国财政部发售的债券近期呈负收益他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>人们可能再也无法看到这种现象。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:33 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">记者卡尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>卢米斯称已有超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>千个问题被转播个三个相关记者<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:40 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">记者卡尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>卢米斯说已有超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>千个问题通过邮件递交第一个问题是关于派生物的以及那些金融交易对伯克希尔哈撒韦公司是否有好处巴菲特的回答超过了规定的时间<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔哈撒韦公司期待从当前这些交易中获益巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>到目前为止<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在股票市场交易中经手的钱是给伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的<SPAN lang=EN-US>49</SPAN>亿美元的奖金。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>9:52 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特和芒格表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>政府对金融危机的回应并不理想<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但已经起到了它所能起的最好作用芒格表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>考虑到目前的情况的紧急<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>应当对政府宽容一些。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:08 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">《纽约时报》的记者安德鲁<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>罗斯<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>索金说大约有<SPAN lang=EN-US>300</SPAN>名股东提出了同一个问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>为什么伯克希尔哈撒韦公司一次在穆迪投资服务公司上的投资如此高<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>以至于征 信所因收益和利用已这些模型为基础的有缺陷的历史之间的冲突而受到批评？为什么不利用伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的影响去改变征信所的行为巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>评级机构<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>国会<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>银行家和购房者犯了重大错误是因为他们认为房价还会持续上涨<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>接着他们就崩溃了巴菲特说评级机构仍然是非常好的行业<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因为类似的机构并不多见<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而且他们和大部分资金市场打交道巴菲特称伯克希尔公司没有改变做法去买公司股票他说事实上他已经尝试对过去的做法施加影响<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是从来没有非常成功过。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:17 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特被问及他的<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>个可能的接班投资经理人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在最困难的<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>年做得怎么样巴菲特说有<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>个候选人可作<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO(</SPAN>首席执行官<SPAN lang=EN-US>),</SPAN>他们全部是来自公司内部 有<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>位可能的投资接班人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>只有一个或多个被选中他们来自于<SPAN lang=EN-US>Berkshire</SPAN>内部或外部<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>位投资经理人做得并不好<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>没有超过标准普尔指数巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,2008</SPAN>年他们没有获得荣誉<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他自己也没有获得<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因此他容忍了芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>任何一个投资经理人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他知道谁是聪明的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>其余的在去年都大获全胜巴菲特说有<SPAN lang=EN-US> 10</SPAN>年多投资经验的投资经理人做得较好同时他说他还没决定改变<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>个候选人的名单巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>的工作则不同<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如果巴菲特有不测<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>必须正确选择<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO </SPAN>巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>个或多个投资经理人的选择则没有必要立刻行动巴菲特说如果他有不测<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在投资经理人这个问题上<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不会立即发布公告但一个月左右<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>可能会发布公告。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:24 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">美国国家广播公司商业新闻台的贝基<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>奎克谈论了有关<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>接班人的问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>提早引进<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>并给其一个熟悉工作的机会<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>好处是什么呢？巴菲特说以前听到过这个 问题巴菲特说如果有一个好的方法为伯克希尔引进某人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>使其进入角色成为一个好的<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO,</SPAN>他们会这么做的但他说其它三位<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>都在忙着主要生意<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>坐在办 公室里<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>只有巴菲特看着报纸或打着电话<SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN>真得没什么事可做他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>那是在浪费才能<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>巴菲特说那三位候选人都已经百分之非做好了立即就任的准备他说他们要做的最大的工作是与全世界的人、所有的股东开发潜在的客户关系他说那需要时间<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>尽管不是大块的时间他说他们知道如何开展业务<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们在有些事情上很 可能比他做得更好芒格说很多在世界上做得很好的典范<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>象强生公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>都象伯克希尔公司一样做事<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>并且这些天才在分公司里都涌现了出来巴菲特说他每年都让大学生进入公司并与之座谈巴菲特说他教育学生们重要的是知道如何评价一单生意<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>知道如何判断市场他说没有所谓的现代投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>(000900,</SPAN>股吧<SPAN lang=EN-US>) </SPAN>组合理论或类似的东西他说重要的是清楚你自己的能力大小<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>从小生意做起<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在前进的路上懂得学习巴菲特说有些会计准则也是重要的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>要掌握市场波动<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>要学 会让市场为你所用这不是<SPAN lang=EN-US>IQ</SPAN>高低的问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而是当你做决定时情绪稳定和内心平和的问题芒格说有一个最大的问题就是世界上一半的未来的投资人都在<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>的 温饱线以下芒格说人们应该最大限度地减少妄想巴菲特和芒格同意感情投资比高智商更重要巴菲特说有学生问他<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我们正在学的的东西是不是错了<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>？芒格问 巴菲特在这个时间段是如何处理学生提的问题的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:36 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人问巴菲特他将如何替换再保险部门主管阿吉特简这样的人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特称他不会替换此人并表示简是独一无二的他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>然而<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>权利不是赋予某个职位的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而是赋予人的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:46 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东询问巴菲特他如何看待伯克希尔公司股票的市场评估市场值下降了<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%,</SPAN>然而收益并没有下降那么多巴菲特称股东说到了要害之处他认为在股票市场里<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>投资就是投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>没有变化<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因此在等式的那一边没有任何问题公司的收益能力去年有所下降<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>今年也不会有什么出色表现但是总体来说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这些都是不错的 行业巴菲特认为其中有一些公司存在问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>其他的公司将会表现很好伯克希尔公司去年在股票市场上的价格要低于其实质价值<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是大多数公司的处境都差相仿佛巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>只要假以时日<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>股票价值和实际价值都会上涨他希望自营公司能够在未来的时间里表现更好芒格称<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>对于浮存支票业务来说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>去年是糟糕的一年<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>使浮存支票（伯克希尔公司持有的可以用于投资的保险费用）持有者看上去似乎会亏损芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司的灾害保险业务可能是全球最好的保险业务<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯 克希尔旗下的其他公司也在世界上名列前位如果你觉得伯克希尔公司取得现在的地位是一件非常容易的事情<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那说明你和我生活在两个地球上巴菲特认为伯克希 尔公司的保险业务是非常不错的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>经理们的业务也非常精湛巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>随着经济的衰退<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>还有比如中国综合症类似的情况<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>珠宝业<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>飞机租赁公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>NetJets </SPAN>以及其他公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>美国运通等都受到了冲击但是与此同时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>经济衰退也使得越来越多的电话打进<SPAN lang=EN-US>Geico</SPAN>政府员工保险公司巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>节省用钱突然之间成了非 常重要的事随着时间的推移这笔资金能够产生巨大的价值<SPAN lang=EN-US>Geico</SPAN>政府员工保险公司现在是今年全美国第三大汽车保险公司各项基本工作已经准备就绪<SPAN lang=EN-US>,Geico</SPAN>政府员工保险公司将会更上一层楼。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>10:59 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东问及联邦刺激法案<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>称刺激资金中只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>8%</SPAN>是用于基础设施建设的他问难道这项法案里不应该有更多的资金投入房地产领域让更多的人找到工作吗？芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,“</SPAN>让我来回答这个问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>答案是当然应该<SPAN lang=EN-US>!”</SPAN>巴菲特说这应该是一个目标<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不管什么时候<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>政府<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>还是别什么部门<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>将资金投入哪个领域<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>都会有溅溢效应巴菲特还说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>真正的目的是让大量的资金流动起来<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>并且得到合理的应用他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>当老百姓紧缩开支的时候<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>就需要政府慷慨解 囊了这也会产生一些后果<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,“</SPAN>我认为我们应该这样做<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但我们这并不应该认为这像搭免费车一样容易<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:04 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">在回答一个提问时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司处于不利的地位<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因为公司投资的成本要比那些接受政府紧急救援计划资金的公司成本高投资成本要比遇到麻烦的公 司成本高得多这就是事实和现实生活有些走运的公司拥有政府的担保<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>其他的公司则没有政府担保巴菲特称伯克希尔公司必须自己想办法适应这种情况公用 事业公司使用了伯克希尔公司大部分的贷款之后<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司所使用的是其保险费中的浮存支票项目<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这种借款的成本随着时间的推移将降至零甚至负数巴菲特说和有政府担保的公司针锋相对<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他对此问题没有答案芒格认为伯克希尔公司在资金方面处于不利的地位<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是公司并不像银行那样运作他说伯克希尔不应该 在这个缺点上考虑过多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:09 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东询问曾经传授给巴菲特大量投资经验的本格拉姆如何评价这些金融衍生品巴菲特说他不会喜欢这些东西他说格拉姆可能也会说如果他看见某个东西定错了价位<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他会在上面做文章<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是他会避免掉进其他人可能掉进的陷阱里芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>从本质来讲金融衍生品是一种肮脏的交易他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们不需要这样的金融手段。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:14 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东询问现在是否应该小额投资基金<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一些高回报股票该如何投资？将收益重新投资到其他地方还是以价值投资的名义继续持有高回报股票？巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他会购买业绩良好的公司股票并继续持有。他告诉股东不要担心股票价格。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:19 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司的竞争优势是巴菲特和芒格。巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>并非如此。他认为伯克希尔的竞争优势是它那很难被别人照搬照套的经营模式。巴菲特称<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>举例而言<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>股东们握有伯克希尔公司的股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>很少流转或交易量很少，美国现在没有其他哪个公司有能力做到这一点<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>或者有能力用任何大胆的方式采取这种模式。巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔的任何新任总裁都将致力于这种模式，加入公司的经理和股东们已经融入了这种企业文化。芒格称美国有许多公司都在十分愚蠢地进行运作，他们根据每季度的收益来进行决策，芒格说，在伯克希尔公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>情况并非如此。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:29 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特被问及为何人们不应该投资伯克希尔所投资的公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>为什么不投资伯克希尔公司？为什么大会不在网上直播进行？ 巴菲特说大会可以在网上直播进行<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是面对面接触收获会更大人们来这里互相探望并参观伯克希尔的产品说到购买伯克希尔公司所购买的证券<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特称有很 多人都在这么做<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>尽管他们没有浮存支票如果他们拥有<SPAN lang=EN-US>580</SPAN>亿美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那么他们将和伯克希尔平起平坐芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>总体来讲他们效仿伯克希尔的投资行为是一种聪 明的举动他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,“</SPAN>我认为<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这是个很不错主意<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>巴菲特称他曾经经常观察格拉姆的投资举动并从中学到很多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:32 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人问巴菲特通货膨胀问题他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>美国将会出现通货膨胀<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>人们持有的政府债券将 为此付出代价巴菲特说有一大部分政府债券都捏在中国人手中防止通胀的最佳方法是自己的盈利能力他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如果你是最好的老师<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不管货币价值高低与否<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>你 将控制你的盈利能力并分得全国经济蛋糕中属于你的那一份第二种好的投资方法是投资一家优秀的公司人们会放弃自己的收益<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>为公司生产的无论什么产品感到 骄傲自豪芒格建议做一个脑外科医生<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不要投资政府债券<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>要投资可口可乐。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:39 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人询问股价跌到多少时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特才会对报业股票感兴趣什么时候才是投资报业股票的最佳时机？巴菲特说最近金融危机使报纸行业面对的问题越来越严峻，但影响其投资价值的决定因素在于其行业本身。巴菲特说自己不会考虑购买报业股票因为报业公司可能会遭受灾难性的损失以前报纸对整个社会的发展起到重要作用<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>从而获得了大量的读者和广告商但现在它的影响力已经明显下降人们可以从电视和网络上获得更为迅速和详细的信息越来越少的广告商选择在报纸上投放广告但巴菲特还会继续持有原先购买的报业股票水牛报报纸巴菲特曾经与该公司高层联系过<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>只要不出现行业性灾难<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他就会一直持有该股票除了水牛报<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯 克希尔公司还拥有华盛顿邮报的股票巴菲特认为华盛顿邮报最近的股价在上涨<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但报纸的收益却没有明显变化巴菲特说在报业公司中现在还没有什么具有投资价 值的股票只有水牛城报纸还可以芒格说报纸发行量的下降是美国的灾难因为报纸代表着国家的尊严一旦报纸消亡<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>其它媒介都无法体现这种价值芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>:“</SPAN>报纸就代表生活<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:42 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特说零售业在金融危机中遭到重创，消费者在未来几年的消费金额也会不断下降，伯克希尔的零售业也会遭受影响，商业地产将面临困境政府正在劝说美国大众今后加强储蓄因为现在政府买单<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>压力很大巴菲特说伯克希尔的零售业务近期面临困境公司在福罗里达州的业务损失尤为严重。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:47 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人询问伯克希尔公司是否会回购自己的股票巴菲特回答说最近的许多股票回购计划都非常愚蠢因为股价正处高位许多公司这样做是只是为了肃立公司信心当然他们不会承认这一点关于伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>只有当股价降到<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN>美元时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特才会考虑购买只有到达这一价位才能明显体现出投资价值巴菲特认为现在的 情况与此还相距甚远他认为最近<SPAN lang=EN-US>90%</SPAN>以上的回购计划都会给股民带来不利影响。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:47 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股民说<SPAN lang=EN-US>QA</SPAN>表格的作用很大这是他参加过最好的一次年会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>11:52 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">上面这位股民询问伯克希尔最近再决策时产生的机会成本巴菲特解释说最近的市场行情瞬息万变<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>最重要的就是保持充足的资金但他也接到许多寻求投资的电话其中有来自高盛投资公司的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们有一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>亿美元的投资计划但即使我提高一个星期知道这一投资项目<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我也不会参加实际上伯克希尔公司正在出售一些股票以保持充足的现金流市场行情快速变化使得伯克希尔公司随时会面对机会成本的问题除市场因素带来的机会成本<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>公司也会因为难以迅速将大笔资金从一个股份公司转移到另一个投资项目而产生机会成本这种情况在一年以前没有这么频繁。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>12:08 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特说今年他做出的一个错误投机计划就是购买了一些爱尔兰银行的股份他忽略了这些银行所作出的错误投资活动不仅是爱尔兰银行<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>美国银行也在房地产投 资方面犯下了重大错误巴菲特说如果人们仔细观察是可以发现这些问题的他将房地美和房利美作为例子<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>其实在危机爆发前也有很多预警信号但许多投资者不 愿意花费时间来研究这些问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>所以他们才无法找到好的投资项目芒格也赞同这种看法他说一般的会计制度允许银行展示投资回来的高收益<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不管这个项目是否 可行芒格认为这些会计制度需要修改美国政府正在制定一些新的方案但芒格认为现行的制度还是有很多可取之处。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>12:09 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">午餐时间<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>会议暂停<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:05 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特说公司季报将按照规定时间发布通常情况下会在年会结束后发布在周五发布季报可以给人们留下充分的时间来仔细研读但今年的季报可能会有些变化<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>可能会在下周发布巴菲特说上个季度的运营收益是<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>亿美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>与去年同期<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>亿美元相比略为减少巴菲特认为公司在保险业方面的收益非常幸运因为保险业在这次金融危机中并未受到很大的影响而公司的零售业务在上个季度受到重创公司在公用事业方面的的收益略微下降伯克希尔公司旗下的美国联合能源公司的 业绩有所下降另外一家子公司中美能源最近的投资活动也降低了公司盈利但巴菲特对公共事业方面的成绩表示满意所有零售公司业绩都处于下降状态自从金融危机爆发后<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这些公司的账面价值就开始下跌这些因素造成的影响都反映在第一季度的报表上在上季度结尾阶段<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>公司账面资金达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>227</SPAN>亿美元但公司随 后进行了一系列投资活动<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>使得公司现金只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>220</SPAN>亿美元巴菲特认为公司在第一季度的情况可能反映了全年的公司业绩保险业应该持续盈利<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>公共事业正常发展<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而其它业务会持续下降巴菲特说公司会在提交给美国证券委员会的报告上说明这些情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:11 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">芒格认为中国比亚迪公司并不是一个弱小公司因为它已经成为了电池的重要供应商虽然在汽车业已经创造了许多奇迹<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但比亚迪公司并不满足于现状在没有任 何汽车生产经验的基础上<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>比亚迪公司在中国市场创造了良好的业绩他们与中国许多合资企业展开竞争芒格认为这是非常了不起的奇迹比亚迪招募了许多工程方面专业的高材生<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>形成公司强大的研发团队芒格认为锂电池今后在美国的运用前景非常广阔不仅美国许多公共事业公司要使用锂电池<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>今后的风能发电也会运 用到这种产品伯克希尔公司已经购买了比亚迪的股票这并不是一个疯狂的计划比亚迪的汽车已经在美国出现他们现在几乎可以生产汽车的所有零部件芒格对于能与这样一家勇于开拓的企业合作而感到高兴他对比亚迪今后的成功充满信心。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:15 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股民询问美元今后对其它货币的比价巴菲特说美元在未来十年的价值将不断下降但他无法肯定这一判断巴菲特对其他国家在货币方面的政策表示赞同美元与这些货币的价值比还无法确定许多国家正在进行换届选举可能会加大财政支出这将弥补居民消费下降带来的影响美元的购买力不会在一两年内下降巴菲 特对未来的变化无法预期但他肯定会出现通货膨胀芒格说自己曾经见到许多次的通货膨胀<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他认为这次的通货膨胀不会带来灾难性影响。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:22 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">财富杂志的记者卡罗尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN>卢米斯代替一位股民询问为什么伯克希尔的信用评级总能保持<SPAN lang=EN-US>3A</SPAN>级比非特说除非有大事发生<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>信用机构不会频繁变化对各公司的评级 公司的行用评级只是各个信用机构对公司行用程度的评价他对贷款利息有部分影响伯克希尔公司最主要的目标是使股民能否及时获得自己的收益虽然巴菲特对信用评级不是很在乎但是当穆迪公司降低伯克希尔的评级时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特还是有点不满他认为伯克希尔的公司业绩值得<SPAN lang=EN-US>3A</SPAN>评级在这个话题结束时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特说当他 与芒格平常意见不一致时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>芒格总是说<SPAN lang=EN-US>;“</SPAN>最后你肯定会同意我的意见因为我是对的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而你是聪明的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:30 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一个股东说他在爱荷华州看到了中美能源建造了风力发电场他想知道这些投资是否收到回报巴菲特说风力发电现在还不能成为电力供应的主要来源但爱荷华州对风力发电非常支持中美能源非常愿意与他们合作现在风力发电的收益很低部分收益来源于美国政府对风力发电企业的税收减免伯克希尔公司会继续投资风 力发电因为作为一个上税大户<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>税收减免政策会帮助公司降低许多成本伯克希尔公司会投资更多的公共项目。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:34 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股民通过记者询问美国银行收购美林证券的消息巴菲特说他所知道的消息并不比柏南特和鲍尔森多这个问题很难回答芒格说这个收购计划还只是传闻但一旦达成<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>美国政府和美国银行都会受益。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:39 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位来自德国的股民询问伯克希尔公司是否会受到从美国政府最近的政策中受益芒格说政府正在出台新政策<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>现在我们还不清楚到底有什么影响现在有许多游说 在活动芒格对此非常讨厌还不知道会有什么新政策出台巴菲特认为新政策也许会影响公司的一部分业务<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但具体哪方面还不得而知最大的挑战来源于美国大 众对于银行的不满但巴菲特认为这些愤怒的情绪会最终平息。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:43 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特说他希望伯克希尔公司的实际价值的增长速度可以超过标准普尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>指数芒格说减少政策干扰的另一个办法就是加大伯克希尔公司在美国的影响力从现在来看<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>公司的影响力会在未来几年内不断加大这种影响将是强大的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>有建设性的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:49 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人询问伯克希尔公司对中国公司的看法巴菲特说他在前几年还不会想到投资比亚迪公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>也不会关注中国石油<SPAN lang=EN-US>(601857,</SPAN>股吧<SPAN lang=EN-US>) </SPAN>但现在一切都变了虽有一些政策上的限制<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但伯克希尔公司将加大在中国的投入因为中国正逐步成为一个巨大的市场<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>没有人可以忽略中国的政府官员最近对中国所持有的大量美国债券感到担忧因为这些债券一直在下跌巴菲特认为这种判断很正确他会不断关注中国的变化芒格赞赏中国拥有世界上最好的金融系统 之一他认为中国目前的实力还无法与世界抗衡建立稳固的金融系统对中国非常重要。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>13:54 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有位股民询问巴菲特对于<SPAN lang=EN-US>general Re </SPAN>公司的看法巴菲特说他会对<SPAN lang=EN-US>General Re</SPAN>出现的问题进行评价<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是他不想公开这些看法这对公司的运营会产生不利影响在一个糟糕的开局后<SPAN lang=EN-US>,General Re</SPAN>现在恢复正常巴菲特坦诚自己当初购买<SPAN lang=EN-US>General Re</SPAN>是犯了一些错误。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:00 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">巴菲特说伯克希尔公司不会组建分公司他说伯克希尔追寻的是好的投资项目他认为伯克希尔公司最大的优势就是可以合理的分配资本当喜事糖果公司赚了许多钱但是不知如何利用时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特就会将这些资金投入了其他项目中芒格说建立分公司来募集资本是许多上市公司管用的伎俩。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:01 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股民询问学生贷款的问题巴菲特说自己对这方面不太熟悉芒格也不太清楚他们已经很久没有涉足这一领域 。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:12 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股民询问平常巴菲特和芒格在讨论世界经济时彼此提出的疑问巴菲特说世界总是充满问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>大家不得不去面对美国拥有良好的社会体系<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>可以释放每一个人 的的潜力未来美国大众的生活会逐步改善中国现在采取的体制限制了人们潜力的发挥但巴菲特也说资本主义并不是一帆风顺<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>也会碰到困难但总体而言<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>世 界在快速发展<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不断前进芒格说随着自己年龄增长<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他希望看到人们在使用太阳能以及海水转化为饮用水方面取得突破依靠技术的进步<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>新能源的发展会解决现 在全球面临的许多问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">　<SPAN lang=EN-US>14:27 </SPAN>有股民询问资本密集型企业的补偿问题他希望可以建立一种公平的补偿计划巴菲特说这个问题提得很好这个问题是建立在公司的董事会设立补偿计划的基础上但实际上董事会一般不会考虑这个问题他们不会在董事会专门设立补偿委员会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:31 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人询问保险公司在这场危急中会遭受多大的损失芒格说可能会超过几十亿美元但是并不会伤害到保险公司的根基巴菲特则说这场危机会导致消费者收入拮据<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>同时加速国有化许多资产将在一瞬间消失。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:35 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位来自爱尔兰的股民询问美元贬值欧元升值是否会给伯克希尔公司的业绩造成影响巴菲特说如果这种情况加剧<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们会考虑购买欧元期货但一般情况下<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔只会关注自己的投资业务<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们会投资一些在全球拥有业务的企业如宝洁和可口可乐。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:40 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">当巴菲特被问及他如何在停业期间运作公司时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>毫无疑问公司的经济形势可以改变他表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一些公司可能永久续约<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>你必须面对这种情况有些公司 会遭受损失<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔能够抵制停业巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>通常情况下你可能停业的有些晚为了取得平衡伯克希尔公司希望接收不会出现任何问题的业务巴菲特说制造企 业更多地面对这个问题富兰克林曾经说过<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一个空的口袋要站立起来是有困难的芒格认为非常赞同这句话。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:46 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">有人问巴菲特过会是否能制定公平的行政补偿法巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>国会不可能制定出让每个人都满意的法案<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>所需要满足的是位于前六名掌握数万亿美元资产的投资经理 公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如果他们对于一揽子补偿计划发表意见<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那么这就会让总裁们十分尴尬<SPAN lang=EN-US>XYZ</SPAN>公司提出一项令人无法容忍的计划<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们非常愚蠢但是巴菲特谈到了对此的 立法<SPAN lang=EN-US>:“</SPAN>我只是不知道该如何写<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>巴菲特表示目前建立的是荣誉体系<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>股东们拥有荣誉而执行者拥有体系。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:50 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一名股东请巴菲特描述如何雇佣一位优秀的经理巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>通常情况下<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们雇佣的经理都是已经被证明是优秀的经理的人选巴菲特说这个问题其实是在问这些 经理是否会留在这里巴菲特称<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>在雇佣经理方面<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔运气不错<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但不能称作完美最难的是让一个经理丢掉他曾经拥有的能力他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我和查理面临这个问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如何判断一个人什么时候不具备他曾经拥有的管理能力芒格说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔在这个方面相对迟钝巴菲特说这是他唯一痛恨的工作他说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>伯克希尔公司雇佣的都是热爱公司和业务的人。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:55 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一位股东问巴菲特现在是否在其个人的投资组合里<SPAN lang=EN-US>100%</SPAN>持有股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>以及现在的股票价格达到了多低的水平巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>谈及廉价股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>现在并没有<SPAN lang=EN-US>1974</SPAN>年那 个时候那么夸张<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是也是在不同的利率想定情况下因此可以得出结论<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>两者水平基本持平巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他将一直热衷于投资股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>1973</SPAN>年至<SPAN lang=EN-US>1974</SPAN>年是他 所见过的最佳买股时机<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那个时候经济形势也相对较好芒格说道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>现在不像<SPAN lang=EN-US>1973</SPAN>年或者<SPAN lang=EN-US>1974</SPAN>年那样是买股最佳时机他说他认为那个时机是空前绝后的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>14:58 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">一名股东询问了实用投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们资金的花费以及夸大了的收入巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>资金密集型的生意比那些外面的实用投资领域更让他害怕<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因为资金密集型交易需要投入很多的资金<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>却无法获得高额的回报巴菲特表示<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>实用投资没有让他变富<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>也没有让他变穷巴菲特称资产净值会有相当好的回报率<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但通货膨胀可能会使回报率减小巴菲特说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>总而言之<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如果人们能找到不是资金密集型的生意<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那么经济效益就会比那些需要大量资金投入的生意好。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>15:00 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">问答环节结束<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>15:08 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">年会结束时<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>桃瑞丝<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>巴菲特的外孙子亚历克斯<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>罗亚克问<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>人们怎么做可以改善经济巴菲特回答道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>人们应当增加房产的数量<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>并问这是否给了亚历克斯任何启发关于这一点<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>亚历克斯询问了他的未婚妻<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>她点头称是桃瑞丝<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>巴菲特是巴菲特的姐姐 。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>15:50 </SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">会议中关于生意这一部分<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>股东们拒绝了伯克希尔哈撒韦公司准备一份关于公司在环境和劳动力上的可持续发展的报告的提议<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这份报告将包括气候的改变和人权等事情股东大会建议拒绝这个提议<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>他们表示这些事情很重要<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但这样一份报告对资源是一种浪费。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-3 15:58:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[students had with Mr. Warren Buffett]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2206377.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">感谢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Eric Hu</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发来的</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">巴菲特</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2012</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">月和学生的对话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Notes from the Meeting Dr. George Athanassakos and Ivey MBA and HBA students had with Mr. Warren Buffett </SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Omaha</SPAN></B></st1:place></st1:City><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">, NB, March 30, 2012, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm </SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Since you have been an investor for 60 years, how have your principles changed over time? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The principles of value investing have not changed from the teachings of Ben Graham until now. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? <B><I>Aesop</I></B>, <B><I>the Greek writer</I></B>, once said that: "a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush". I think that this is not always the case. When valuing a business we should think of it as "deferring consumption and laying money out now to get more money back at a later date"- i.e. the two birds in the bush. There are two major questions to be answered: 1). How much money will investors get back and 2). When will they get it back. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? What I seek is certainty about the pay-off, make sure there are two in the bush. The way I deal with certainty is to find companies that have historically great returns and earnings, leveraging on a competitive advantage. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? For example Coca Cola was created in 1886. It was created to treat headaches, but the inventor coincidentally came up with the product that tasted good and developed it into drinks today. The point is, I can see Coca Cola ten years from now. It has been there for a long time and will continue to do so. Even in ten years, it’s not going to be too much different from today. It has operated in 200 countries and sales are growing. There is certainty in the business. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? With Coca Cola every penny increase on the price results in billions of increase in earnings. What’s an extra penny for a Coke that has become a life habit of million consumers around the world? <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The principle of investing is to invest in the certainty and you know you are going to have two birds from the one you put in. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? On the other hand, in the dot com mania, people invested in companies with no previous or current earnings, thus uncertainty is high. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Explain your vision when you were young and your motivation. </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I always related to painting a painting. Enjoy what you are doing and then if the performance is good it is even better. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? My father taught me the importance of having an inner scorecard and try in life to satisfy it. This will help you follow things that you enjoy doing. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Look at your classmates; select the one to “buy” with the characteristics that you like and the one that you would “sell” that s/he does not appeal to you as a <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">person. Then write down these attributes and you will realize that these are not given in birth but developed in life. Write them down and follow them. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? If you were given for free any car of you desire, what would that be? There is just one catch and only one condition. It will be the only car you will own for the rest of your life. The car is a parallel to your body. You must take care of it, give it the best fuel, keep it protected, don’t abuse it, because it is the only one you will have for the rest of your life. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">How should businesses balance social and fiscal responsibility? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Do not do anything that is anti-social and illegal. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I once let shareholders decide where they wanted donations to go. However, it created an anti-social reaction is some communities. So one should take care that it doesn’t affect other people. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? At the end of the day it is a personal choice and but it is limited by the shareholders. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">After the financial crises, the government took various measures such as Dodd Frank Act to decrease risk in banking sector. Do you think today’s world is a safer place as a result of those measures? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The U.S. is a safer place but EU is not. The <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> economy is in a much better shape than EU which was very close to immediate liquidity crises at the end of last year. Even though EU is in a mess today, it will get past this. People and their desires would not go away. In 10-20 years, they will start consuming again. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? In U.S. the things that caused problems few years ago don’t exist anymore but bubbles will still come in future as we will have new problems then. That is the nature of capitalism. The trick is to not get too excited when everyone is and try to explore the opportunities that these bubbles will bring. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What are your thoughts on the Rise of the Chinese Economy – and when will <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region> catch up to <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">America</st1:place></st1:country-region> in GDP? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region> has a population which is four times that of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> and is just as smart and just as hard working. So eventually <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region> will overtake <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> One hundred years ago, the <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region> had a population of 4 million, EU had population of 75 million and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region> had 290 million people. But in 100 years, US captured 25% of the world’s GDP as they knew how to unlock human potential. <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region> is now following <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region>’s example and is learning from the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> on how to make things happen. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region>’s progress is not bad for <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> and rest of the world as the world is not a zero sum game anymore. The better <st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region> does over time, the better <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">America</st1:place></st1:country-region> does over time. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? There is a lot of anti-Chinese rhetoric today in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. However, we have much in common with the Chinese, and those in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>. A co-operative world will be better for everyone. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The US should not lecture the world on equality issues, as we need to look in the mirror (Black people earn 3/5ths of a white person, women were not equal citizens until the 1920s). Watch out for anti-Chinese rhetoric from our American political representatives. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">In a recent article you talked about coming back to <st1:City w:st="on">Omaha</st1:City> instead of staying on as a junior partner in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:State> with your mentor Ben Graham. What was your motivation? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I bugged Ben Graham for months about getting the job. In fact I offered to work for free and he replied, “you’re overpriced”. Jr. Partner was not attractive to me, because it’s not a long-term thing. You may get a basic salary of $125,000, but the development after was limited. But if you can build your own dream, why not? <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I decided to live in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Omaha</st1:place></st1:City> because I like the city, the community and it’s where I call home. It’s all about what you really want to do. Living in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Manhattan</st1:place></st1:City> is expensive and you need to be rich. There is a lack of sense of community and life style, thus lack of the enjoyment of life. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You may need to do fifty things a day in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:State>, but I’d rather to do some reading in my office and do 1 to 2 things a day and do them well. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I didn’t have a real plan when I returned to <st1:City w:st="on">Omaha</st1:City>, there was no master-plan when I left <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:State>. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? It is very important to find a balance between life and work as well. Follow your heart and do something you love. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Student loans offer people the chance of higher education, but in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> there is a trillion dollars in student debt. Some 36% of students graduate with “little sign of higher education”. Is there a bubble coming as far as the higher education trend goes? What’s your opinion on this issue and when will this bubble burst? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The best education you can get is investing in yourself. But this doesn’t always mean college or university. I have two degrees but I don’t have them on my wall, in fact I don’t even know where they are. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I used to be afraid of public speaking, and I realized that I have to do that someday. I do have one diploma I display from Dale Carnegie’s Public Speaking Course and it only cost me $100. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Thus, I don’t think college is for everyone, one benefit is that it gives you a button. In fact none of my three kids graduated from college. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? John Mellor did research on group of students for a project. One group was sent to the beach while the other studied at university. Their results are not that different. It’s always about consistent improvement of your abilities. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You should always ask yourself, “does this have any value to me?” I did go to university because of the expectations of my parents. When I got the offer, I told my dad, “you go”. You want to make contributions to the society while pursuing your dream. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Will the U.S. dollar continue to be the world’s safety net?. </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? There is no question that the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>$ will lose purchasing power over time. All paper currencies depreciate. In terms of how it will fare relative to other currencies is less certain. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Depreciation is sad because it hurts unsophisticated investors and people who trust in the government. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Best way to hedge against the dollar is to buy a house in a growing area and take out a 30 year 4% mortgage. You are effectively shorting the dollar. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Are there sectors or businesses with untapped pricing power, from the ones you own and not? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> was originally a rayon suit lining company. They made quality product but no one ever requested to have a specific lining in their suit. Even if we were supplier of the year we could not have demanded better prices. New print was cited as another example. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Some products or services are vitally important to the value chain of a business but there is little pricing power in them (eg. Line thread on blue jeans / printing services for newspapers) <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? See’s Candies was a business where we had pricing power. Our product was often used as a special treat or gift for a moment. The first time I bought See’s I gave it to my future wife and got a kiss. After that, they had me for life. That’s because See’s is a product that provides happiness. On, Valentines Day, do you really care if a box costs $4 or $5? You cannot go home to your wife and tell her you got the cheap chocolates. Consumers also are not conscious of pricing one year to the next. Candy used to sell for 1.95/pound when I was young. Today it sells for $16.00/pound. See’s would always raise their prices on December 26th. I bought this business when it had $4M in sales. Today it is $83M. That’s pricing power. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Coke has less pricing power in <st1:place w:st="on">North America</st1:place> than it once did. The North American consumer finds Coke and Pepsi substitutes. They buy the one that is selling for less, making its pricing power like that of a commodity. However, internationally Coke remains that special treat for that moment. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You also see pricing power in efficiencies. For example Burlington Northern rail transport compared to truck transport is three times more cost efficient and competitive. Products that are more cost efficient are able to demand higher prices. Their product has pricing power because their consumers are willing to pay more to capture those efficiencies. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What are your thoughts on the quality and compensation of CEOs today? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Many of the CEOs I admire are normal human beings. They would do their job just as well if they were paid $1 million in salary compared to $30 million. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? However management is a competitive environment and executive pay can escalate. People tend to follow the norm and take on the behavior of those around them. Even the best can succumb to the environment. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? At Berkshire, “everybody else is doing it” has never been an acceptable argument, but maybe that’s why I’ve only ever been put on a compensation committee once. They don’t want a pit bull on the compensation committee, they want cocker spaniels with wagging tails. That way management can bring in HR specialists who will tell the committee what to do. And of course these specialists look at what everyone else is doing and try to put their client in the top quartile, because no one wants to say they pay in the bottom quartile, even though somebody has to. And in this way it ratchets up, and it’s a terrible system but for now it’s the only one we have. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Would you have had the same success over your life if you started today? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The opportunities are out there and the world will continue to grow. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I would have had just as much fun I think. You should follow your passion. My passion was valuation. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I truly believe the most important decision you can make is choosing the right spouse. So I think if I was fortunate enough to have the same two factors, those being a great teacher and the right spouse, I think I would do very well. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Keep in mind I was also very fortunate being born in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">America</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Winning the “Ovarian Lottery” can be the difference in life. My two sisters were just as smart as I was but never had the same attention and opportunities. If you could play the game to put your name in a barrel of 7 billion names being able to draw one out and start from that person’s life would you? Five out of 100 could be born in the U.S. Half would have a below average IQ. Some would have health problems and many not the same chance to get an education. You would not play this game. Realize how lucky you are to have these opportunities. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Corporations are now beginning to focus more on short-term results, what advice do you have to meet those results while maintaining a long-term focus? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You want to pick a place where you do not have to adapt to a culture that makes your stomach turn. Think of your career as a painting which you will never finish. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You should look for a firm with a matching principle, and not the other way around. You should find a place where you are enthusiastic about the work, which is hard for a first job. Don’t do it for the money. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? For me, I have the job I want. We have people that like each other. You should go work for who you admire the most. You are only going to live once. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You do not want a place where you will be judged on quarterly results. Yes, the world has become more short-term oriented. Avoid working for people who are under so much pressure that they fudge the numbers and give special incentives to improve year-end results. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? While I was on the board at Gillette, the company would go to Wal-Mart and offer discount razor blades at quarter-end to boost results. It is a terrible treadmill to get on. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? At Berkshire, I have no idea how we would do at the year end. Each does its best and we find out when the results come in. And we don’t want to consolidate month to month. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What are your thoughts on the Occupy Movement and similar equality movements? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I don’t think it’s very effective but like any other group, they enjoy the attention. However, if you go to the internet and search on BING, remember – “<B>b</B>ing <B>i</B>s <B>n</B>ot <B>g</B>oogle” – ( just don’t tell Bill Gates I said that) and you look up the 400 highest taxpayers. You look up the most recent 400 highest earners and they had an average income of $270M each. In 1992, the same 400 had $45M each. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? That number went from $45M to $270M. In 1992, 16 of them were paying less than 15% taxes. In recent years, 30 were paying less than 10% and 131 were paying less than 15%. This is much lower than the tax paid by the average person, which is around 30%. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? As with food stamps, they create a cyclical issue. I understand the unhappiness but no one is happy with their lives. What we want is inequality of results, but <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">equality of opportunity. We are all a product of the people around us and the people before us. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? And you want those who got the long straw to give to the short straw. Ask someone under a white cross in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Normandy</st1:place></st1:State> if you think we pay too much tax. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? With the highest GDP per capita there is no reason 20% of the population makes a poverty line income of twenty thousand dollars. In the lower income bracket, there are 24M households with 61M people. Think about it if you had gotten a different ticket. Some people simply would not adapt to a market system because they have talents or skills elsewhere. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What is the most important thing you have learned in life? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Find you passion. You will know it when you see it. It is more important than money. You want to ask the question, “Where am I going to have most fun?” I don’t know anyone who is passionate and doesn’t have a good life. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? If you have passion for your work you will have a great life. Golfers all have the greatest lives, they don’t make the most money out of all the sports, but they have the most enjoyment. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Two weeks ago Greg Smith from Goldman Sachs resigned, stating that culture at Goldman is toxic. What do you think politicians should do to prevent some of the allegations made by Greg Smith against Goldman and to further protection for investors? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Within big organizations/firms there is always going to be people who do something wrong or say something bad. Firms could try to minimize that with reports and letters to employees that promote the firm’s values and principals. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I have 270,000 people working at <st1:place w:st="on">Berkshire</st1:place> and someone today is doing something illegal. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? My letter to employees is short and the main message is “Never to take reputation away for money” or “Do not do anything that will put you on the next day’s newspaper cover. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Holding information on commercial transactions is legit. This is how business works, each side has different wants and dos. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? In terms of the firms’ culture, nothing has really changed in the last 20 years that would require action, on the public or private firms. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I found the article somewhat inappropriate, and there is no real need for major legislation changes, but there should be consequences to those who are making decision with significant social impact. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? CEOs of “too big to fail” institutions should have a downside risk when the institution fail, and not walk away with huge proceeds. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? After the Dodd-Frank reform and the aftermath of 2007, the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> financial system is solid. <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> on the other hand has not solved their problems, both banking and sovereign ones. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? No matter what the regulation is, there is always going to be bubbles and panics, that is the nature of capitalism, to overshoot, to be overoptimistic, but this is the time when you can get rich. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You can’t have everyone do nothing they shouldn’t do. I tell my managers that we have all the money we need, and never to trade off reputation for profit, and many other people who run businesses share my view. However, in a <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">large organization like Goldman Sachs, you can’t expect perfect behavior from everyone. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I have never seen questionable activities from any of my financial advisors, and I don’t think Greg Smith’s view is an accurate reflection of GS. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Thomas A. Edison said, "<st1:place w:st="on">Opportunity</st1:place> is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work". Are there opportunities nowadays? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Hard work never killed anyone, but why take the chance? Today’s society is hugely wealthier compare to what it was 50-60 years ago. The trick to be successful is to find something you like to do in life. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? On my honeymoon I travelled out west. When I visited the casino and saw all these smart well-dressed people participating in a game with the odds against them, it was then that I realized I won’t have a problem getting rich! <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Nowadays there are even more opportunities, we are living in a wealthier society, just think of the great development we had the last couple of decades. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The luckiest person in the world is the baby born in US today, than any other time. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The internet is a magnificent resource and it’s free. I love my personal jet, but I would give it up first before I gave away access to internet. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Think and measure your life versus the life your parents had. The world is no way a zero-sum game. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? There is a lot more opportunities today than it was many years ago, and young people today will have a lot more opportunities than young people yesterday. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">: <I>The key to your early career was essential information arbitrage. Given the changes in the world and that information now moves at the speed of light, how do you continue to have such great successes? </I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? People have better information now, but they still act irrationally. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? When I took my first job as a security analyst there were only two sources of information on public equities; the Moody’s manual or the S&amp;P manual. So I would literally spend all day looking through this book page by page, looking for undervalued securities. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I found a company with around $13/share in earnings, and was trading at $22. So at a 2 times P/E it was a great buy. But there were only 400 shareholders and I couldn’t actually buy a piece of it. So I went to the town where the company was headquartered and ran an ad in the newspaper to buy shares. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Sometimes you have to work a little bit hard to get the good deals. And looking through the Korean stock manuals I’ve found some of these same opportunities today. But ultimately, the key to success is emotional stability. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? You don’t need a high IQ to get rich. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">: <I>Explain your overall investing strategy </I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Invest in equities slowly over time. And invest in yourself. Enhance your own talents and weaknesses. Specifically oral and written communication skills. And look to buy companies that will go on forever, like CocaCola. But the key is to buy equities slowly over time, and don’t try to time the market. For the more serious investor, buy equities strategically, opportunistically. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? And go all in when you can, and when there is a good deal. I had a limit in my fund on the amount I could put in to one investment. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? There was a fantastic opportunity so I approached my investors and told them I wanted to increase that amount. I ended up putting 75% of the fund in that investment and it worked out well. And I’m sure I will do it again. Don’t use leverage, and sit on cash if there are no good investment opportunities. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q</SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">: How have your strategies changed with the advent of the internet? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I always say buy what you know, and focus on your circle of competence. It doesn’t matter how big the circle is, but you have to know the perimeter. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Charlie and I met with Bill Gates in the early internet days to discuss commercialization and how we could make some money from it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Gates knew the technology, and we were generally business minded. So we met and sat down and spoke about what we could do, and about the future of the internet. And after 3 hours nothing came from it, not once did we talk about anything like Google or Facebook. Because you just can’t tell where the internet is going. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? So later on someone came up to me and was talking about the internet and how it’s going to change everything. So I asked him more specifically what will it change? Everything!, he replies. So I ask, will it change if I buy gum? Well....no. Will it change what brand of gum I buy? Well....no. So I said, okay I’m going to buy gum, and you buy the internet. Focus on your circle of competence. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">On the Quantitative Easing and zero interest rates. Is there a benefit for the economy in the long run? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I’ve never heard before the crisis the term Quantitative Easing. It is monetization of debt. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? We should all be thankful to Uncle Sam, because after 2008, he did the right thing. They had the will to pour money and they couldn’t do it better. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? The greatest economist of all times said: “If money isn't loosened up, this sucker could go down” <I>George W. Bush </I><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? But<B>, </B>there is an issue when you are spending more than you are earning, caused by the huge stimulus. Still spending is 9% of GDP more than earning. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I wrote an article in August 2009 in the NY times. “Problems with stimulus” Continuous huge stimulus, lots of consequences will be delayed until future years. Bernanke still has the pedal to the metal. If he does this too long there will be terrible effects. Setting the stage for inflation. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Inflation is like a venereal disease. You get it and you don’t realize it for a while and the curing it is painful. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Bernanke, who is the right man in the right spot, knows that but he suggests that the economy is still not vibrant enough. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? But we should not do it (interest rates close to zero) for too long, we maybe already overdoing it, I don’t know. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What is your perspective on the current situation in <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place>? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? In US, the Fed has the power to make the decision and act on them. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Giving up the ability to print money with no alignment in legislation, taxation or culture is imprudent. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? In US, you can call the FED. In <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> there is no one “number” to dial. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What makes a good value investor and how different are value investors from other professional investors? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Value investors always take a long-term perspective, we want to think we are superior and are not concerned about getting rich tomorrow but over a period of ten-years instead. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Value investors are not concerned with getting rich tomorrow. People who want to get rich quickly, will not get rich at all. There is nothing wrong with getting rich slowly. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Remember we both sleep on the same mattress and eat the same food <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Always remember to have a lot of fun, you may not be able to buy as much, but your life will be pleasant. I know lots of people who are not rich in financial terms but they are still happy. I know plenty of unhappy rich people. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Given your success and the success of many value investors, why not all investors follow this investment strategy? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I don’t know! <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? It is not about high IQ. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? It just seems not to resonate with some people and talking about it or showing them the performance/results won’t help. They just don’t feel good about it. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? I am also puzzled by why value investing hasn’t caught on. I mean, what other type of investing is there? You want something other than value? But the thing is, people just don’t want to believe. They elect things that are emotionally satisfying. Even if you show them the results, they still don’t believe you. However, eventually proof comes through results. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Are there any institutional constraints in large financial organizations such as mutual funds companies to becoming a successful value investor? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? There have been examples of outperformance under legal constraints of mutual funds for a long period of time, following the value investing philosophy: Peter Lynch (Fidelity Investments) or Bill Ruane (Sequoia Funds). <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? When I started my partnership, I chose not to have constraints, but I did inform the partners that I won’t invest more than 25% in a single security. In 1961, I wanted to overrule this constraint to invest heavily on American Express and communicated this to the partners, without informing them about which security. I invested almost 40% of the entire portfolio. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? Under legal institutional constraints, people can still engage in value investing, a smart investor is one who does well with their constraints. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">Q: </SPAN></B><I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">What are the key skills, competencies, and behavioural traits that you look for while hiring someone in your team? </SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: navy; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? First and foremost I look for individuals who are humble and in general good human being. Neither grades nor the name of school the potential hires went to are important in my hiring decisions. I am very keen in knowing potential hires background, family, and motivation. Interest in finance and value investing is good, however someone with intellectual curiosity can learn the profession. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-3 10:01:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[伯克希尔2007年度股东大会纪要]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2205873.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 2" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2007</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年伯克希尔股东大会纪要<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="3" Month="5" Year="2008" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2008</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>日</SPAN></st1:chsdate><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">彼得<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>波德尔打字记录<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">按照会场要求<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>不允许使用录音器材记录会议内容。所以，这些记录是回忆起来的－不是字字精确<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>和原话会略有不同<SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN>彼得<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>波德尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一个简短幽默的开场<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>肥皂剧《我所有的孩子们》的演员苏珊<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>露斯（以下简称<SPAN lang=EN-US>SL</SPAN>）走上讲台：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>芒格，以下简称<SPAN lang=EN-US>CM):</SPAN>他会在哪里呢<SPAN lang=EN-US>?&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">SL:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他被扣留在电视台了。嗨，查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我是苏珊<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>露斯。他將要成为一个大明星了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你有一些沃伦所缺少的重要品质。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">SL: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们需要做一些改变。我们需要改变我们的分红政策。我们对股东太吝嗇了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR>CM: </SPAN>我觉得是个好主意。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">SL: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我还要知道怎么处理赚的钱，每周都要。而且我们需要支付给我们的董事<S>会成员</S>每年多于<SPAN lang=EN-US>900</SPAN>美金。<SPAN lang=EN-US>[</SPAN>董事们站起来拍手喝采<SPAN lang=EN-US>]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">[</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">沃伦<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>巴菲特（以下简称<SPAN lang=EN-US>WB</SPAN>）走了进来<SPAN lang=EN-US>]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你们在说什么分红的事啊<SPAN lang=EN-US>? </SPAN>我要展示的是伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>哈撒韦<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>《我所有的孩子们》不能没有你，而我不能没有伯克希尔。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">SL: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">刚才说的都不算数了<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你让我反应过来了。去波仙珠宝店（巴菲特的一个公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）随便挑你喜欢的东西吧，然后让查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>买单<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们将要依照正常的程序进行。有需要提问问题的请到麦克风那边排队，我们将会依次回答问题。我们估计今天到场的有三万一千人。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这是查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>芒格<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>他耳聪我目明<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>所以我们是搭档。等我介绍完毕之后再鼓掌。霍华德<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>巴菲特，比尔盖兹，旦<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>基奥，汤姆<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>墨菲<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>沃尔特<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>斯科特<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>旦<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>奥尔森。他们是美国最好的董事<S>会成员</S>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们在中午会休息一下。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q1:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">罗嘉<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>沃拉<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>来自印度孟买。我对您致以<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>％的诚挚敬意。避免盲目从众的投资方式的关键是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他想要知道该如何变得不那么像一个旅鼠（一只旅鼠，往水里跳下去，其余的都会跟风跳下去，不停的游，漫无目地游直到最后筋疲力尽死去。巴费特先生把曾经拿旅鼠来比喻证券机构，来说明股市的跟风效应，最后给我们的忠告是，不要相信市场而要相信自己。<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">既然你重述了问题，你就先回答这个问题吧。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他想要投资得不那么像一只旅鼠。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我是在<SPAN lang=EN-US>11</SPAN>岁的时候开始投资。我读了什么就全部相信。我浪费了<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>年研究技术分析。我读了《聪明的投资者》<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我推荐你读第<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>章和第<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>章，如果你能吸收它，你将不会是一个旅鼠。我在<SPAN lang=EN-US>1950</SPAN>年初期读了它，而且我认为到现在为止，它都是一本很好的书。如果你按照它说的做，你不会得到坏的结果。另外还有一本书<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>《你会喜欢的食物》是关于巴菲特家族的杂货店。我们中没有人擅长杂货经营。你要购买股票的话，就不要太听从于我祖父的建议。伯克希尔有三个大的教訓：一<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>股票是生意的一部分；二<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>你不要盲从于市场；和三<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>安全边际。伯克希尔的股东们比大多数别的股东更了解他们拥有股票，就是拥有这家公司的一部分。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q2:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">乔治，来自德国科隆。通用再保险公司（<SPAN lang=EN-US>General Re Corporation</SPAN>，收购通用再保险公司是巴菲特迄今为止所做的最大的一笔收购交易<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>再保险是保险行业的一个分支，是对保险公司进行保险<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）營運整合得怎么样了<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们通过拥有通用再保险公司而拥有<SPAN lang=EN-US>Cologne</SPAN>再保险公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>95</SPAN>％的股份。作为世界上最悠久的再保险公司，它运作得很好。我们很快就会拥有<SPAN lang=EN-US>Cologne</SPAN>再保险公司的<SPAN lang=EN-US>100%</SPAN>股份，现在正在致力于这个工作。它像原来一样很好地运营着。他们运行了自己的投资组合，但是我将肩负起<SPAN lang=EN-US>Cologne</SPAN>再保险公司投资组合的责任。我们要从<SPAN lang=EN-US>95%</SPAN>更进一步，整合到<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>％拥有这家公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q3:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">萨姆，来自美国新泽西李堡。在经济衰退的大背景下<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>股票市场在四月有所增长。接下来会怎么样呢<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我可以详述一下这个问题，但是我不可以回答它。查理和我不知道它在下个星期、下个月或者明年股市会怎么样。我们不是做那一行的。这不是我们的玩法。我们每天看见几千个公司的价格。我们忽略<SPAN lang=EN-US>99%</SPAN>的所看见的。有时，我们会发现一个公司的价格很吸引人。当我们买了以后<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>如果市场被关闭几年，我们都会很开心。比如说，一个农场不会每一天報一个价格，我们会看预期的产量<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>税付是多少。如果你买一个农场<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>你会看着肥料的成本<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>產品相对收购价，每一英亩的价格<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>每英亩的产量，等等。我们根据这些再做判断是否购买。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我没有要补充的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他这几周一直在练习这句话。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q4:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">堪德拉，来自西雅图。我不擅长雇请好的经理。你如何评估能力？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你必须了解人类是会作假的。如果你给我<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>个<SPAN lang=EN-US>MBA</SPAN>，<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>我今年见了超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>所学校<SPAN lang=EN-US>), </SPAN>我不可以把这<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>个都拿来然后给他们排名<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>这是不可能的。我们购买那些已经有很好的管理团队的企业。我们有看到他们的记录。他们已经有很好的表现了。我们的工作不是挑选伟大经理<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们的工作是要留住他们。我们在总部有<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>个人，在全世界有<SPAN lang=EN-US>25</SPAN>万人。我们的工作是要确保他们有同样的积极性。我们要看到他们眼睛里面可持續的激情，我们可以创造一个能让他们快乐的环境。在这些年会，我们告诉他们他们在做的是一种多么好的工作而且使他们感觉到被赏识。我们没有合同<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>合同没有作用。我们赏识这些经理们。如果你要找一帮<SPAN lang=EN-US>MBA</SPAN>，我帮不了忙。他们在这个阶段知道如何去愚弄你<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>给你想听到的答案。我會找在工作中充满激情的人<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>能做份外工作的人，良好的沟通者。在棒球运动中你必须在<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>岁就退休了<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但是我们会继续工作下去，一直继续继续工作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> B</SPAN>太太一直工作到<SPAN lang=EN-US>103</SPAN>岁<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>然后下一年才死去。那是我们经理的好榜样。<SPAN lang=EN-US>[</SPAN>笑声<SPAN lang=EN-US>]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">霍华德<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>阿蒙德森的故事<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>一个年轻的男人问他：你是如何获得成功的<SPAN lang=EN-US>? </SPAN>他回答：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我总是在身边留几百万美元，以便有好的机会出现就可以抓住<SPAN lang=EN-US>.”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：你会用股票期权来购买那些上市公司吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如果你想购买或卖掉股票，那你还是买或者卖股票本身吧。我们曾经在可口可乐上接受别人的做空期权，但通常最好还是只买股票。运用期权的手段可以让你以低价买到股票。<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>次中有<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>次你能买到，有一次你会错过机会。事实上我们从不运用期权来购买或者卖掉那些上市公司。我们卖掉的长期看空期权在新闻上也有报道。我们不热衷这些花哨的技术手段。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如果没记错的话，在过去政府考虑成立一个期权交易市场的时候，沃伦曾孤军奋战（反对这个决定）。（对巴菲特说：）你曾经写过一封信，是说照这样把利润都拿出来不会有任何好处。这对国家也没有好处。我认为沃伦是完全正确的。把金融市场变成赌场以便让赌场老板赚钱是完全没有道理的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：一个芝加哥大学的研究生曾经问过我，有什么我们被教错了？在商学院把那么多的时间都用来教学生期权的定价是完全没意义的。你只需要上<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>堂课，一堂是教你如何给一个公司估值，一堂是教你如何看待股票市场的波动。因为老师们知道这个公式而你不知道，所以他们要找事情来做。这与投资是否成功没有关系<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>真正有关系的是你以合适的价格买进。如果你是个传教士，可以把圣经倒背如流，并可以读<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>种语言的圣经，但你会发现要把它归结为十诫告诉每个人是困难的。传教士用很多的时间来传教。你必须自己的观点而不受市场波动的影响。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>：来自德国的提问者。你们都很慷慨，给予是快乐的，你们犯过什么捐赠的错误吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我从来没有让捐赠改变我的生活。有人为了捐钱而改变了生活。我从没那样做过。我活到了这样的年纪，使我积累了财富。我捐赠的都是闲钱，不会影响到我的生活。我做的事情是有益的，但不能和那些倾其所有捐赠的人相提并论。桃瑞丝不止捐赠金钱，她也花时间在慈善上<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>她付出了金钱以外的东西。她做零售，我做批发。你必需做你自己有兴趣的事。所以我不会对你的捐赠指手画脚。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">至于捐赠方面的错误，我认为如果你在政治上意识形态过强的话，你很有可能会在慈善上犯愚蠢的错误。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如果你经常和查理一起，你会看到生活中美好的一面。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：来自孟买的提问者<SPAN lang=EN-US>. </SPAN>（关于）道德上的两难抉择。像织机之果（伯克希尔旗下的制衣公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）这样的百年老店如何和那些血汗工厂竞争呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们找经理来运作生意，他们这么多年的标准是很好的。我非常高兴公司的财务和业绩也很好。我每两年都给他们写一封信，我也让他们写封信给他们的继承人。我也告诉他们我们已经拥有了我们需要的财富。我们不想为了钱而牺牲名誉。不只是举止行为要遵守法律，而且（要保证）没有什么可让那些会深度发掘新闻的记者在第二天在当地的早报报道有关他们的负面新闻。我们没有预算，也没有任何激励的措施来让人们做任何的事情和让人们玩这种把戏。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们没有不利于外国工厂的法則。我们不会偏爱国外的工厂，我们只是做对我们有意义的事。<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>年前美国每年生产十亿双鞋子。我们希望在好的品牌和工艺上与别人竞争。我们发现这不会对中国生产的鞋子造成不利的影响。现在美国有<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>亿双鞋子但全部都是在美国以外的地方生产的。有些工厂没有一致的标准。我们不会告诉全世界该如何经营生意。我们有许多标准，但并不是所有的都和美国的标准一模一样。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：金融界发出的信号。伊斯卡集团公司（<SPAN lang=EN-US>ISCAR</SPAN>公司是世界上最大的金属切削刀具生产厂家之一，总部设在以色列，其子公司及代理机构遍及全球<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>多个国家。<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）和钨（有什么关联性）？它会影响到伊斯卡集团的利益率吗？为什么要把工厂设在中国呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">伊斯卡集团公司的工厂设在中国是为了在中国的扩展。这样有可以靠近原材料的优势，但是工厂地理位置的选定与产品价格的改变是没有关系的。如果可以像伊斯卡工厂那样创造更高的价值，那么需要<SPAN lang=EN-US>3-6</SPAN>个月来调整原材料的价格。但在短期内找不到替代品来代替钨作为原材料制造切割工具。原材料是一定要得到保证。在地毯行业，以石油作为原材料的产品要减少成本会很困难。但随着时间的推移会实现的。但我们<S>没</S>有那方面的困难。这颗糖随着时间的过去可以看到糖和可可粉。你可以到处压榨，这并不是什么大事。对于大连的能力（伊斯卡集团公司的中国总部设在辽宁省大连市）<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>我为伊斯卡集团公司抱有很高的期望，在金融和人际关系上都能卓越。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">简要地说我们不喜欢通货膨胀，因为它对国家和国民都没好处，但随着時間的推移我们可能因为通货膨胀的确存在而赚到更多的钱。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q9:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">来自澳大利亚墨尔本的提问者。伯克希尔在过去的一年买了很多上市公司的股票。你期望（这些股票）在许多年后获得<SPAN lang=EN-US>7%-10%</SPAN>的年回报吗？（是否可以接受这些股票的回报率）低于以往的成绩？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是的。如果能够得到税前<SPAN lang=EN-US>10%</SPAN>的利润，包括分红，我们都会非常开心。比这低一些的回报我们都会感到很满足。毫无疑问，将来伯克希尔未來的回报将比以前的少。我们现在在操作高达<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>亿的可销售股票。但事实上要达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>亿或者更多才能对市场有影响。并不是所有的投资都有利润回报的。如果我们有<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>亿，<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>亿。如果加倍就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>3.25</SPAN>亿。这比<SPAN lang=EN-US>1%</SPAN>的<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%</SPAN>还少。我们时不时发现赚钱的生意。这样很好，但不需要损耗伯克希尔的任何东西。任何希望我们和过去一样的人都应该卖掉他们（所持有的伯克希尔）的股票。我们会获得合理的回报，而不是获得暴利。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你可以把沃伦的承诺带回银行。我们很高兴将来能获得较低比率的回报。我们建议你也采取同样的态度。你可能有比买伯克希尔的股票更好的投资方式。如果你肯花时间的话你将会找到更加明智的東西。我们并不认为这（购买伯克希尔的股票）是世上最吸引人的投资。我们希望买那些管理得好<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>规模大的企业。好的模式將來都会起到很好的作用。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：（您可否谈一下关于）太平洋公司和克拉马斯河大坝（的问题）？（克拉马斯河位于美国俄勒冈州南部，太平洋公司是苏格兰能源公司的附属公司，拥有克拉马斯河上的五座大坝，这最低的四座大坝能发电，但不能起到防洪控制作用，也不能产生供水效益。太平洋公司在克拉马斯河的大坝建于<SPAN lang=EN-US>1908</SPAN>到<SPAN lang=EN-US>1962</SPAN>年间，这些大坝切断了位于克拉马斯河上游数百英里的鲑鱼产卵和饲养的高产生境。过去，这里曾经是西海岸第三大鲑鱼高产河流。这些大坝还降低了水质，促进了有毒海藻和鱼类寄生虫的生长，使得河流栖息地退化。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2006</SPAN>年，克拉马斯河的鲑鱼数量大大下降，使得加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州海岸线沿岸<SPAN lang=EN-US>700</SPAN>多英里的商业鲑鱼渔场都被迫关闭。最近的渔业倒闭可能已经给加利福尼亚州造成了<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>亿多美元的经济损失。<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注，这些资料来源于网络，具体数据上可能会有些不精准之处。）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">第一座大坝建立于<SPAN lang=EN-US>1907</SPAN>年。我们不会评论这个问题。它有太多意见分歧了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">戴维<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>索科『<SPAN lang=EN-US>David Soko</SPAN>，中美能源控股公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>(MidAmerican Energy Holdings Co.)</SPAN>总裁，是接替巴菲特担任伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>哈撒韦公司首席执行官的候选人之一』：让巴菲特来回答这个问题不太合适。在克拉马斯河上的<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>个大坝与联邦调整的重新发放牌照过程是一系列的整体问题。这还会持续<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>年。在过多<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>年它也不会达到顶峰。有<SPAN lang=EN-US>28</SPAN>个党派参加讨论如何处理这些资产。这<SPAN lang=EN-US>28</SPAN>个党派分为<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>个不同的意见。我们很希望会有一个解决方案，这要依赖于監管委员会，州立法委员，然后每一个州一个执行者。当国家政策要移走大坝，或修建鱼梯等。我们要与每个党派积极的合作。我们已经和每个党派会面过，希望找出个一个大家都可接受的折衷的办法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q11: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">迪乐施<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>来自加利福尼亚。你是怎样保持您的身心健康的<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你需要从均衡的饮食开始。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>笑声<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>如果查理和我不能保持一份良好的心态<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>谁能<SPAN lang=EN-US>? </SPAN>每天我们做的都是我们喜欢的事<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而且我们和那些热爱自己事业的人一起工作<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>换句话说<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们不被逼着做自己不喜欢做的事情，每天我们做的都是我们喜欢的事。我们在很多方面都是幸运的被祝福着<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>你怎么会感觉到难过呢<SPAN lang=EN-US>? </SPAN>查理今年<SPAN lang=EN-US>84</SPAN>岁<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我<SPAN lang=EN-US>77</SPAN>岁<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>我们的思维其实已经慢下来了<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>但我们假装它没有慢下来<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>没有理由去看生命中消极的方面<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那是疯子<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>我们知足常乐<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因为没有什么比那个更重要了<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如果可以我们希望我们是海报上的男孩<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>这样就能有轻盈的身体去跑马拉松了<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>但是你也能看出来<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们并不在意那些鼓吹的健康之道和饮食之道<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而且我也不打算改变自己的这一点<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">从我们早上起床到晚上睡觉<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们都和很优秀的人打交道<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>我们是幸运的<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我们活在世界上最好的国家<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>如果我们呆在祖父们的店铺里<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>那生活可就糟糕了<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你所处的这份工作中<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>你需要付出才能拥有<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>而且你应该成为一个榜样<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>如果你没有付出得够好的话<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>那就有很多东西要被说了<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在通常的公司的报酬计划中<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>有那种做法是付给一个人一千万美金的养老金来留住他<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>我觉着这种做法有问题<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">管理者应该主动的要求较少的酬劳<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：一位来自德国的中学生。我应该怎样规划我的人生？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们更喜欢回答比较难的问题。（笑声）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q12 cont: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如果你重新來一遍，你會做什麼<SPAN lang=EN-US>?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你必须找到你生活中的兴趣所在。而我还是选择同样的工作。因为我很喜欢现在的工作。如果你的人生只有睡觉走路是非常错误的。除非雪莉<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>麦克雷恩（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Shirley Maclain</SPAN>，一位著名女电影演员<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）是对的否则你没有别的选择。我的父亲有一个生意，他的书架上有很多书，这使我产生了兴趣。這是在『花花公子』之前的。如果他是一个政府部长那我就不知道自己是否会那么热爱读书了。如果你有责任心，你就必须要面对现实。去为你喜欢的公司或崇拜的人工作吧。这也意味着我遇到的大多数<SPAN lang=EN-US>MBA</SPAN>要成为自雇人士了（笑声）。我曾为本<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>格雷厄姆工作。我从没有问过我的薪水。要和对的人结婚。查理讲过有一个男人，他花了<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>年去寻找一个完美的女人并且找到了她。但不幸的是，他不是她所要寻找的那个完美的男人。如果你够幸运，你将会过的很开心并因此工作得更加出色。开心会使工作变得更加容易。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：如果你在某些方面有天资，而且对此又有很高的热情，你就会做得更好。如果沃伦去跳芭蕾的话，他将会寂寂無名。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">或者我会很另类的出名。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Q13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：对于那些沉默内向的人，如果要使他们能够展示出自我和让别人能够发现他们的价值，你会给什么建议呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我曾经逃避那些要进行公开演讲的课程。那时如果我必须要演讲的话我会自然的感到不舒服。我曾经报名上戴尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>卡耐基（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Dale Carnegie</SPAN>，美国著名的<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://bk.baidu.com/view/68728.htm" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>企业家</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>、教育家和演讲口才艺术家，是<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>世纪最伟大的成功学大师，美国现代成人教育之父<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>译者注）的课。给了他们一张<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>美元的支票，然后回到家取消了支付那张支票。我那时住在奥马哈，带了<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>元美金给沃利<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>凯恩（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Wally Kean</SPAN>），我参加了卡耐基的课程，然后我去奥哈马大学开始教书<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>知道我必须站在许多人面前讲话。在教书的过程中所运用到书写和演讲的沟通能力是非常重要的，因為如果你能溝通得好，你就會有許多優勢。你需要锻炼哪些能力，就强迫自己经常处于能够锻炼这些能力的场合。在戴尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>卡耐基的课程中，他们让我们站在桌子上（来演讲）。我可能跑题了。如果你在是做一些帮助内向的人能够走出自己的世界的事情，那是非常有意义的的事。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CM:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我感到非常高兴，有一个做简朴又重要的事情的教育家到场，这比笨拙又不做有意义的事情的人好多了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WB</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：我希望这个人不会被点到名字。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>笑声<SPAN lang=EN-US>)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-2 18:32:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[伯克希尔2009年度股东大会纪要]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2205837.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 2" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2009</SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年度</SPAN></B>股东大会纪要<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">《华尔街日报》中文网络版专稿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"></v:path><o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x0000_i1025 style="WIDTH: 11.25pt; HEIGHT: 11.25pt" alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="http://blog71.cnstock.com/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.png" o:href="http://simg.sinajs.cn/blog7style/images/common/sg_trans.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape>(2010-07-17 20:54:05)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">袁莉</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上一篇专栏写了上周末在<SPAN lang=EN-US><A title="" href="http://chinese.wsj.com/big5/20080506/llw153225.asp" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>伯克希尔·</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>哈撒韦公司股东大会上的见闻</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>。我坐在那里，对沃伦<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>巴菲特和搭档查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>芒格提及中国的次数之多感到吃惊－－<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>多个问题中的<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>个。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">回头想想，也不难理解：伯克希尔拥有及投资的公司范围很广，从可口可乐、<SPAN lang=EN-US>DQ</SPAN>冰淇淋到内布拉斯加家具商城，中国不是主要制造产地就是消费市场，或两者兼具，而且中石油的买入和卖出是巴菲特近年来最赚钱也最有争议的投资之一。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这篇专栏采用问答的形式是因为从股东大会到记者招待会都是一问一答，这样应该最能忠实地表达巴菲特和芒格的思想和风格。听两个智慧、幽默又直率的老人讲话是一种享受。我跟所有朋友说，这是一辈子至少应该做一次的事情。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">股东大会现场不允许用录音器材，因此以下内容不是完全的原话，只是基本的原意。问答涉及中国股市、中石油、人民币对美元汇率、奥运会及中美关系等问题，其中对奥运会的回答是为时５个小时的股东大会上赢得掌声最多的话。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国股市：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国股票市场已经跌了很多。你们是否认为中国股市价位还是过高？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：我从未对中国股市发表过具体意见。我们不是做预测股市走向生意的。我们一贯的观点是，如果市场下跌，它就比以前更有吸引力。我们不预测股市，我们只会在市场向下走的时候作出反应。中国的经济发展是一个奇迹，很多中国人都对股票热情很高。中石油股价一度疯狂上涨，成为全球市值最高的公司。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芒格：中国股市曾一度出现疯狂的泡沫。这种情况在另外一些国家也出现过，人们在股市里看到了前所未有的机会。但是，让泡沫走开对每个人都有好处。中石油的<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股价格曾一度是境外股的一倍，也就是我用一美元和两美元买的是同一个东西。这其中很有问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">奥运会</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">考虑到中国在西藏严重的人权侵犯状况，你们是否会、或者已经考虑过，要求可口可乐公司不再担任北京奥运会赞助商？是否同意这样有可能会促成一个新的商业模式：既尊重人权价值又重视商业利润？<SPAN lang=EN-US>[</SPAN>一些掌声<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：我明白你在讲什么。但从个人角度讲，我认为告诉一个国家什么可以做，什么不可以做是错误的。我认为奥运会应该永远都允许所有人参加，参与的人越多越好。我不想对此加以苛责。我认为，禁止任何国家参与奥运会都是个严重的错误。美国妇女直到<SPAN lang=EN-US>1920</SPAN>年才获得选举权，我认为那是严重违反人权的作法。但我不想我们自己在那之前被禁止参加奥运会。<SPAN lang=EN-US>[</SPAN>更多掌声<SPAN lang=EN-US>]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芒格：沃伦对我的观点表达不够强烈。很多人对中国的不完美感到苦恼。我倒要问问：与几十年前相比，中国是更好了还是更差劲了？答案是，中国正在朝正确的方向发展。那是好事。我认为，那种因为你不喜欢一个人，就死死揪住他最大缺点不放的做法是错误的。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”[</SPAN>整个股东大会赢得掌声最多的话<SPAN lang=EN-US>]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：别忘了，我们当初是怎样对待黑人的。我们自己离完美也还很远。<I>（注：伯克希尔是可口可乐最大的股东。美国于１９０４年在圣路易斯首次举办夏季奥运会。）</I><B>中石油</B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你<SPAN lang=EN-US>2002</SPAN>年买中石油时只读了它的年报。大多数职业投资者都会做更多的研究，你为什么不做呢？你看年报时主要看什么？你怎么能看一份报告就做投资决定？</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：我是在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2002</SPAN>年春天读的年报。我从没问过任何人的意见。我当时认为这家公司值一千亿美元，但它那时的市值只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>350</SPAN>亿美元。我们不喜欢做事要精确到小数点三位以后。如果有人体重大约在<SPAN lang=EN-US>300</SPAN>到<SPAN lang=EN-US>350</SPAN>磅之间，我不需要精确的体重就知道他是个胖子。如果你根据中石油年报上的数字还做不了决定，那你应该看下一家公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芒格：我们用于研究的费用比美国所有机构都低。我知道有个地方每年付两亿美元会计费。我知道我们的投资更安全，因为我们的思考方式象工程师－－我们要的是可靠的利润。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你在中石油上的操作并不符合你一贯的买入－持有风格。你当时是怎么想的？</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：几个月前我见了中国投资公司的高（西庆）先生，我对他印象很好。我们在奥马哈吃了午饭。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">决定买中石油是因为当时公司的市值才三四百亿美元，但我们认为这家公司应该值一千亿美元。当油价涨到<SPAN lang=EN-US>70</SPAN>多美元时，我们认为它应该值大约三千亿美元。我们认为，和其他公司来比，它的价值已经不算低了，于是我们就抛了。但中石油<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股上市后涨了很多，并一度成为世界上市值最高的公司。如果股价跌得更多的话，我们以后还有可能会买进中石油。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（注：伯克希尔一度拥有<SPAN lang=EN-US>300</SPAN>多亿美元中石油股票。在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年股东大会上，少数股东通过一项决议，提出由于中国政府在有种族屠杀的苏丹投资，公司应抛出国有控股公司中石油股票。董事会否定了这项决议。去年下半年伯克希尔卖出中石油。巴菲特一直坚持此举纯粹是出于经济上的考虑，没有其他原因。）</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">向中国人学习</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我是从中国无锡来的。感谢你们对奥运会没有偏见的观点。我们是一群董事长和总裁，是来向你们学习怎样经营好上市公司的。（很多掌声）</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：我不知道是中国人从我们这里学东西，还是我们应该向中国人学习。中国正在发生巨大的变化。我（去年）到大连，开车在周围转了<SPAN lang=EN-US>45</SPAN>分钟，看到这几年新盖的几百家工厂。中国人正在开始释放他们的能量。过去几个世纪，中国人有能力，但体制不允许人做事。现在中国人的能量开始释放出来了。你们也看到中国经济增长的速度。我认为，这种增长还会持续。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我认为，你们应该学美国最好的做法，屏弃剩下的东西。看看最有影响力的那些人，为什么人们愿意与这些人为伍？你们应该借鉴这些品质。我会寻找我最佩服的东西，模仿它，同时避开不好的东西。做生意的道理是一样的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中美关系：</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你们认为会出现中美竞争的局面吗？威权主义中国的发展会对美国和西方社会的民主价值体系产生影响吗？</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">巴菲特：我不认为中国变富就意味着美国会变穷。对快速发展的中国过于多疑是疯狂的作法。我们国家有些人喜欢把自己的问题怪到别人身上。前几年中海油收购优尼科时，几百名国会议员投票谴责那项收购，我认为那简直太疯狂了。现在对中国的主权财富基金也是一样。我们每年从中国进口那么多产品，把那么多美元运到中国，却不愿意让中国拿那些美元来我们这里投资。我认为把中国当成别的国家经济问题的替罪羊是个错误。中美关系有可能会紧张起来，这是我不愿看到的。就象现在奥运会的问题，这对某些政客来说有利用价值。但无论在哪种情况下，这种（找替罪羊的）做法都是很愚蠢的，简直太愚蠢了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芒格：中国共产党领导人正在把几亿人带出贫穷，这是很了不起的。中国的威权体制在文化大革命中达到了顶峰，但现在已经好很多了。中国现在年轻的领导人都是工程师出身，也很聪明。那些对中国变化步伐不够快的批评真是太疯狂了，因为中国正在做一项史无前例的事情。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（这个问题是我问的。因为巴菲特是奥马哈的先知，我希望听到他对这个最困扰我的问题的回答。）</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-5-2 18:03:00</pubDate>
</item>
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<title><![CDATA[季卫东：建议互联网企业做好防守上市像中彩票]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2202117.html</link>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #C8D8F2 .75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt">季卫东：建议互联网企业做好防守上市像中彩票<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 60pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 5.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://www.sina.com.cn/"><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">http://www.sina.com.cn</SPAN></A>&nbsp;&nbsp;2012</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>03</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>22</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;11:41&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #cc0000; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://tech.sina.com.cn/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>新浪科技</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://weibo.com/sinatech?zwm=tech"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #587598; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博</SPAN></SPAN></A> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><IMG style="BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #000000" src="http://i1.sinaimg.cn/cj/2009/1206/2009126172951.jpg" border=0>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">摩根士丹利董事总经理季卫东</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><IMG style="BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #000000" src="http://i2.sinaimg.cn/IT/2012/0322/U6349P2DT20120322113910.png" border=0></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">现场演示文稿：<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>万家互联网公司才出一家上市企业</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><IMG style="BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #000000" src="http://i1.sinaimg.cn/IT/IT/2012/0322/U6349P2DT20120322114047.png_U6349P2DT20120322115308.png" border=0></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">现场演示文稿：商业模式并非生来平等<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　新浪科技讯<SPAN lang=EN-US> 3</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>22</SPAN>日上午消息，摩根士丹利董事总经理季卫东今日在艾瑞年度高峰会议上表示，中国互联网企业竞争已经升级，尽管行业在增长，过去三年中国注册互联网网站数量却下降了<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%</SPAN>。他建议企业重新梳理所面临的风险，做好防守。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在季卫东看来，互联网行业是一个希望的田野，增长非常喜人，但是互联网也是中国<SPAN lang=EN-US>360</SPAN>行中竞争最厉害的。据统计，在中国目前共有约<SPAN lang=EN-US>230</SPAN>多万注册网站，到目前为止，上市公司将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>家，每接近<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>万家中国的互联网公司中才有一家上市。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>这个概率基本上跟中彩票的概率是差不多的，<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>季卫东表示，在上市的不到<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>家中国的互联网企业中，有<SPAN lang=EN-US>60%</SPAN>是在上市的发行价以下，到今天为止只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>40%</SPAN>的公司在发行价以上。上市是一道门槛，上市以后其实还有很多的门槛要走，竞争非常激烈。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　摩根士丹利的数据显示，在过去的三年里，中国注册的互联网网站的数量下降了<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%</SPAN>，尽管行业在增长，但是互联网网站、公司却在减少。季卫东分析说，中国互联网企业平均寿命只有三到五年，每一年自然死亡率达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%—30%</SPAN>，可见互联网行业竞争之剧烈。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　同时，季卫东也介绍了他寻找伟大互联网公司的方法。<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>第一是所在的细分行业池塘要足够大。如果池塘太小，这个鱼终究长不大。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>他举例说，比如中国电子商务市场大小差不多是网络广告的<SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN>倍、游戏行业的<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>倍、中国电影产业的<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>倍以上。所以，池塘的大小决定了将来增长的空间的大小。在过去短短五年中，中国电子商务行业市场增加了<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>倍以上。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二是建立好的商业模式。季卫东说：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>商业模式相当于房地产中的地点，找对了地点房子就好卖，如果你的房子造在五环以外，卖起来就非常不容易了。有些公司天生好命，因为它商业模式好，有些公司天生苦命，因为它商业模式差。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在季卫东看来，金子塔的最底端是以产品为中心的公司，如完美时空、盛大游戏等，但是产品都有周期风险，大家不停地要创新。在金字塔当中是平台为中心的公司，例如携程是目前中国旅游行业的老大，只要中国的旅游行业还在增长，携程就不受产品周期的影响，它就会水涨船高。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>最顶端是以社区为中心的公司，像新浪微博、腾讯，他们的好处是绝大多数的内容是用户生成的，并且很多新用户是老用户带来的。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>季卫东表示，与这类公司竞争的时候已经不再简单的是和它的管理层在竞争，而往往是和中国上亿的网民在竞争，因为他们在为腾讯、新浪产生内容。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第三是核心竞争力。季卫东举例说，携程和它最接近的竞争对手艺龙的商业模式非常相似，但是两家公司的表现差异很大。携程的市场份额要大出艺龙<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>倍，并且酒店的房间多卖将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>倍。季卫东认为，他们之间的差别主要是核心竞争力的差别。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>一个企业能否基业常青，很大程度上和体育运动很像。一个伟大的球队一定是防守好的球队，一个伟大的企业一定是防守好的企业。上一届世界杯，踢球进攻最好最漂亮的球队是阿根廷队、巴西队，但是最终得冠军的是西班牙队，西班牙队在它的七场比赛中平均每场只进一个球。我建议企业重新梳理所面临的风险，做好防守。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>季卫东最后说。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>爱文<SPAN lang=EN-US>)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<B>以下为季卫东演讲全文：</B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　季卫东：各位朋友，大家好，今天非常高兴能够有机会在这里和大家一起分享传媒互联网行业的发展现状，我们这个行业是全中国发展最快的行业，也是最激动人心的行业，但另外一方面它肯定也是竞争最最剧烈的行业，究竟在这个行业里我们怎么创造一个成功的基业常青的伟大的公司，怎么找到最好的投资机会，今天就让我们一起来探讨这样一个话题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　先简单介绍一下中国互联网行业的发展现状，刚刚伟庆开了一个非常好的头，我们也知道中国现在的网民已经超过了<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>亿，比美国加日本的人口还要多，中国手机用户的数量已经超过后面两个国家手机用户的总和，在媒体的消费用户量上来讲，中国已经遥遥领先于其他各个国家了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在中国互联网的行业当中，我们也看到经过这些年的成长，已经有一些企业排到了全世界市值最大的互联网公司当中，其中像百度、腾讯都是接近<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>亿美金市值的两个大公司，这些都非常可喜。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　另外增长特别快的行业就是电子商务的行业，其中很有代表性的就是淘宝。据我们的观察，淘宝去年的交易量增长了将近七成，达到了七千亿人民币的交易量，在不久的将来，淘宝上的交易量无论是<SPAN lang=EN-US>B2C</SPAN>加上<SPAN lang=EN-US>C2C</SPAN>将会达到一万亿的交易量，这是中国<SPAN lang=EN-US>GDP</SPAN>总量的差不多<SPAN lang=EN-US>2%</SPAN>。去年一年，淘宝上出来的包裹占了中国整个包裹运送量的一半，一个公司就占了一半，这些成绩是相当惊人的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在过去一年当中，我们这个行业另外一个热点就是社交网络。其中增长最快的就是新浪微博。新浪微博在一年半的时间里，它注册用户的数量超过了一亿，这在中国互联网的历史中是属于成长最快的一个网站，和其他的社交网络公司相比，它的增长速度无论和<SPAN lang=EN-US>QQ</SPAN>、人人来比，它的增长速度都是远远超越。无论是互联网还是媒体行业，其实最最重要的就是内容，我们看到整个中国的内容行业的需求也在高速增长，比如说中国的电影行业，在过去的五年当中，每年的票房都是以<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%</SPAN>到<SPAN lang=EN-US>40%</SPAN>的速度在高速增长，即使在金融危机期间，无论是<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>，<SPAN lang=EN-US>2009</SPAN>这样期间，我们看到这个行业还是在加速增长，这些表明媒体行业的需求是非常旺盛的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　我们这个行业是一个希望的田野，增长非常喜人，另外一方面也是中国<SPAN lang=EN-US>360</SPAN>行中竞争最厉害的。举几个例子，据统计，在中国目前一共有差不多两百三十多万的注册网站，到目前为止，上市的差不多将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>家，每接近<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>万家中国的互联网公司中才有一家今天上市的，这个概率基本上跟中彩票的概率是差不多的。在上市的不到<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>家中国的互联网企业中，目前为止还有<SPAN lang=EN-US>60%</SPAN>是在上市的发行价以下，也就是上市以后，到今天为止只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>40%</SPAN>的公司在发行价以上。这个行业上市是一道门槛，上市以后其实还有很多的门槛要走，竞争是非常激烈的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在过去的三年里，我们看到中国注册的互联网网站的数量下降了<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%</SPAN>，尽管行业在增长，但是互联网的网站、互联网的公司在减少。按照每年的自然死亡率，根据我们的估算，中国互联网公司企业的平均寿命只有三到五年，每一年自然死亡率只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%—30%</SPAN>，如果你把这个数字加上去，再扣掉一些新创业的公司，在过去的三年里减少或者被淘汰或者边缘化的互联网公司更多。可见，我们这个行业的竞争是当剧烈的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在这样一个前提下，我们就非常好奇的问，究竟在这样的行业里怎么才能创造一个基业常青的伟大的企业，托尔斯泰以前讲过一句话，我套用他的话，成功的企业他们差不多都有相同的成功的原因，不成功的企业各有各的不幸。要在我们这个行业里，只有大的池塘里才能养大鱼，如果池塘太小，这个鱼终究长不大。看看池塘的大小，比如网上购物的行业，在中国电子商务的大小差不多是网络广告的<SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN>倍，游戏行业的<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>倍，中国电影产业的<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>倍以上。所以，池塘的大小决定了将来增长的空间有多大。在过去短短五年中，整个中国电子商务行业整个市场大小增加了<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>倍以上。首先，找对了池塘。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二非常重要的一点就是建立一个非常好的商业模式，商业模式相当于房地产中的地点，找对了地点房子就好卖，如果你的房子造在五环以外，卖起来就非常不容易了。有些公司天生好命，因为它商业模式好，有些公司天生苦命，因为它商业模式差。在金子塔的最底端是以产品为中心的公司，代表性的种类包括电影制片公司，甚至在半导体行业里做半导体的。我们知道摩尔定律，说的是每<SPAN lang=EN-US>18</SPAN>个月产品的速度要增加一倍，但是价格会下降<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>，这个竞争是非常激烈的，在这样的产品为中心的行业中，产品都有周期的风险，大家不停地要创新。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二，在金字塔当中，平台为中心的公司，就像携程，是目前中国旅游行业的老大，只要中国的旅游行业还在增长，携程就不受产品周期的影响，它就会水涨船高。最顶端是以社区为中心的公司，像腾讯、新浪微博，他们的好处是它绝大多数的内容是用户生成的，并且他的新用户很大一部分是老用户抓来的。我们和这些公司竞争的时候已经不再简单的是和它的管理层在竞争，而往往是和中国上亿的网民在竞争，因为他们在为腾讯、新浪产生内容，获得新的客户。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　正是因为商业模式的差别造成了资本市场上对他们估值的差别。比如中国的网络游戏公司到现在上市的，他们平均的市盈率差不多只有五倍左右，市盈率的概念就是它一元的盈利要付几元购买，五元可以购买一元的盈利。但是中国互联网当中一些平台类的公司，每一元的盈利资本市场要花<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>元购买，市盈率要高出游戏公司差不多<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>倍。资本市场长期来讲它是一个内科医生，短期来讲叫心理医生，股票的增长短期是看人民群众的情绪，长期来讲是看公司的盈利能力，以及它的风险，市场对这些公司的评价一定程度上反映了商业模式。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　找对了商业模式接下来很重要的是要有好的核心竞争力，用房地产打比方，商业模式如果是房地产中的地点，核心竞争力就是你在同一个地点造房子所用的材料。举个例子，携程和它最接近的竞争对手艺龙，他们的商业模式几乎是非常相似的，他们都是在网上卖机票，在网上卖酒店的房间，但是两家公司的表现差异很大。比如携程，它的市场份额要大出艺龙<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>倍，并且酒店的房间多卖将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>倍，多卖<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>倍的机票，他们之间的差别主要是核心竞争力的差别。作为投资方来讲，我们关心的首先是商业模式，第二是它的核心竞争力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　核心竞争力，再举个简单的故事，在座的各位都知道迈克尔乔丹，到目前为止他可能是人类历史上最最成功，最最优秀的篮球运动员，是空前的，我不知道是不是绝后。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1993</SPAN>年之前他连续三年得过<SPAN lang=EN-US>MBA</SPAN>美国篮球协会的总冠军，但是<SPAN lang=EN-US>1994</SPAN>年开始他曾经打过两年的棒球，他不仅被降级到小联盟做了板凳队员，而且在小联盟的球队里他棒球的打击率是在队里倒数第二。他结束以后又回到篮球的球场，又连续得了三次冠军，同样一个优秀的运动员换了一种运动，他的表现可以有如此大的差异，这是什么原因呢？这就是核心竞争力，每一家企业都有擅长的生意，一定要挑自己最最擅长的生意来做。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　时代中优秀的企业据我来讲有三个和谐，第一个和谐是和客户之间的和谐，用什么表示？用很高的客户回头率来表示。第二他要和员工之间非常和谐，这用什么表示？这个企业如果是一个伟大的企业，它的员工是不愿意走的，员工流失率非常低。第三，在产业链中的和谐，一个伟大的企业在产业链中一定是有定价权的，并且它很有智慧，懂得创造多赢的局面。如果一个企业在产业链中没有定价权，基本上可以告诉各位，他在竞争的时代中还没有达到和谐。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　和客户之间的和谐，行业里优秀的企业他们都有非常高的客户回头率，好比我们去吃饭，餐馆环境很好，服务也不错，我们常常会回头，回头客会为这个企业贡献现金流，并且大家要记住，大家在创业阶段肯定要打很多的广告，每获得一个新客户所打的广告根据我们的估算是维持一个老客户的<SPAN lang=EN-US>5—10</SPAN>倍。我们行业，比如携程<SPAN lang=EN-US>80%</SPAN>的营业额来自于回头客，另外一家公司新东方是教育行业的领头公司，有<SPAN lang=EN-US>80%</SPAN>的学生学一门课会再选一门课。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二个和谐是与员工之间的和谐，我目前见了上千家企业，包括阿里巴巴<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://weibo.com/aligroup?zw=tech" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博)</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>、腾讯，在美国每年有个评比，会评美国前<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>位最佳的雇主，他们股票的回报达到了将近<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>倍，而市场的平均差不多是<SPAN lang=EN-US>6—7</SPAN>倍。所以，最佳雇主他们股票的回报要多出市场平均差不多两到三倍，你如果在员工上投资，让你的员工开心，他们的产量自然就很高，心甘情愿的为你做出贡献，最终老板也会有回报，股东也会有回报。所以，一定要让你的员工开心。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　最后一个和谐，产业链的和谐，你的企业要有定价权，才能在产业链中得到和谐，比如去年我们看到百度这家公司每一个客户平均的支出增长了<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%—60%</SPAN>，其中有相当一部分来自于它的定价能力，提价有一个好处，增长这部分的营业额直接变成了净利润，涨价的时候没有成本，有定价权的公司日子是相当好过的，这也是为什么百度的净利润率达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>以上，几乎是我们行业最高的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在座的各位大多数是年轻人，我们都吃过哈根达斯，去星巴克喝过咖啡，在座的女性也买过非常名牌的奢侈品，这些伟大的品牌和产品他们都有定价权。在我见的上千家企业当中，可能不到<SPAN lang=EN-US>1%</SPAN>是具有定价权的，多数企业都是瘸腿的企业，只有量的增加，但是价格永远涨不上去。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　说到定价权除了我前面讲的商业模式、核心竞争力，还有你的品牌建设，往往一个好的品牌会为你带来定价权，会降低消费者的消费敏感度。品牌的建设往往有两个维度，横向的维度，多数中国的企业还处在建设知名度的阶段，在央视打广告是很多企业愿意做的，知名度和美誉度是不同的。大家都知道芙蓉姐姐，最近又有人听到凤姐，他们是有知名度的，但是他们有没有美誉度？这个问题留给各位思考。所以，知名度和美誉度之间是不同的。忠诚度就是反复购买，如果一个客户喜欢你的产品，喜欢你的服务，他会反复购买，这是一个品牌建设的最高阶段。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　纵向一个品牌的建设需要建设什么品牌？有功能性的品牌，是满足你的功能需求，有情绪性的品牌满足你的情绪和心理的需要，最终有一些伟大的品牌，它甚至可以成为消费者的偶像。比如在座的各位十有八九都看到周边很多人都在用<SPAN lang=EN-US>iPhone</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>iPad</SPAN>，它已经不再是简单的产品，满足你的通讯需要，满足你的上网需要，更多的是在卖一种时尚，满足各位的心理需要。一个优秀的品牌是具有一定价值的，苹果的市值已经超过亚马逊<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://weibo.com/amazonchina?zw=tech" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博)</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>、谷歌、微软的总和，是它品牌建设上有过人之处。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　讲到行业的竞争除了前面讲到的要素，还有一点要挑选你的对手，挑选你的对手决定了你成功的一半。在电子商务的行业，它的竞争对手很大程度上是线下的零售商，在中国零售行业是相当分散的，不像美国有电子商务之前，线下的零售沃尔玛这些已经有几十年的经营历史了，但是电子商务和线下零售业有一些内在的内生优势，它不需要在全国开店，省下大量成本。第二可以很快达到全国覆盖。第三它的品类选择不受地方限制，往往比线下同类店多出<SPAN lang=EN-US>10—100</SPAN>倍。最后价格便宜，因为它把中间渠道切断了，电子商务的这些公司像淘宝，它的价格会比线下同类店的价格便宜<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>，有时候甚至<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>以上。所以，挑选你的对手也是非常重要的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　另外，要选择在主场出赛，我们打篮球每次去客场要花多一倍的力气，因为裁判不帮你，观众也不帮你，所以，一定要找对主场，你的成功率才高。比如牛奶行业，伊利和蒙牛是两个行业领袖，他们拥有的市场份额就远远比国外的竞争对手要高出许多，原因是我们的牛奶要量产只有在长期以北的特定地区才能量产，资源上有稀缺性，这些企业有主场优势。另外，康师傅尤其在茶饮料中是遥遥领先的，比可口可乐占有的市场份额多的多。中国的文化常常说叫茶文化，国外尤其是西方的文化是咖啡文化，在文化的因素上我们也占了主场优势。所以，在座的各位好好的利用你的主场优势。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　最后我想提一下，建设一个企业要让它基业常青，很大程度上和体育运动是很像的，除了选主场、对手，还要做好防守。在我见的上千家的企业当中，<SPAN lang=EN-US>90%</SPAN>的企业都是进攻型企业，只有不到<SPAN lang=EN-US>10%</SPAN>的企业会防守。一个伟大的球队一定是防守好的球队，一个伟大的企业一定是防守好的企业。就像上一届的世界杯，<SPAN lang=EN-US>2010</SPAN>年踢球进攻最好最漂亮的球队是阿根廷队、巴西队，他们踢球都踢的非常漂亮，进攻也非常好，但是最终得冠军的是西班牙队，西班牙队在它的七场比赛中平均每场只进一个球，但是它有本事让对方不进球。所以，防守非常重要，而且防守是<SPAN lang=EN-US>360</SPAN>度的，不仅对企业的财务要做好风险管理，并且对你的品牌做好管理，而且还有政府关系，你的物流的管理，你的本地运营。所以，它是<SPAN lang=EN-US>360</SPAN>度的，希望在座的各位回去能把你们所看到的企业或者你们所管理的企业它的风险重新梳理一遍，做好防守。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　一个伟大的企业也需要好的领袖，在各位创业和投资的过程中，我建议各位要挑选你所热爱的行业，有热情你的工作才会做的好，有热情你才会不知疲倦，无论是苹果的创始人乔布斯，股神巴菲特，国内的马云<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://weibo.com/mayun?zw=tech" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博)</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>，他们都有一个共同的特征，热爱他们的工作。所以，挑选你热爱的行业，人生最幸福的事情就是两样，第一，和你热爱的人一起生活；第二，做你热爱的事情。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　最后，传媒和互联网行业是一个希望的行业，中国媒体的消费者的人数，无论手机用户还是互联网的网民已经在全世界遥遥领先了，但是我们人群的媒体消费现在还在初始阶段，人均的广告支出和中国人均的电影票房支出，我们的增长空间还非常大，在这里希望在座的各位都能热爱和关注这个希望的田野，我们现在一起来辛勤耕种，将来一欢呼起收割。谢谢大家。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-4-26 21:35:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[伯克希尔2010年度股东大会纪要]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2201548.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">伯克希尔<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2010年度</SPAN>股东大会纪要</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>imeigu.com</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011-05-01 10:31:59</SPAN>　来源： 作者</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">新浪财经讯 </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;&nbsp; 美国东部时间<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" Year="2012" Month="4" Day="30" IsLunarDate="False" IsROCDate="False"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>日</st1:chsdate>上午<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>分，北京时间<st1:chsdate w:st="on" Year="2012" Month="4" Day="30" IsLunarDate="False" IsROCDate="False"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>日</st1:chsdate>晚间<SPAN lang=EN-US>22</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>分，股神沃伦<SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN>巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>专栏<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>麾下的伯克希尔哈撒韦公司召开年度股东大会，巴菲特及芒格与股东<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>小时的问答，是无数价值投资者的一大盛宴。新浪财经直播此次巴菲特股东大会盛况，以下为巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011</SPAN>年股东大会大会实录：</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>伯克希尔哈撒韦公司掌门人巴菲特在接受福克斯商业频道采访时表示，他不会对本周末举行的伯克希尔哈撒韦年会上的提问范围设限。同时，在被问及是否会限制股东对有关前高管大卫<SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN>索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>(David Sokol)</SPAN>涉嫌内幕交易进行提问时，巴菲特称不会对这类问题设限。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于内幕交易案<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特此前对<SPAN lang=EN-US>CNBC</SPAN>表示，将会在股东大会上就大卫<SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN>索科尔内幕交易丑闻发表公开评论，股东大会后接受<SPAN lang=EN-US>CNBC</SPAN>针对内幕交易案的采访。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特开始上台讲话了！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特介绍了董事会的情况，一个有趣的事实是，伯克希尔哈撒韦<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>位董事中已有<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>位年龄达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>79</SPAN>岁。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特称，除了与住宅类房地产有关的行业，其他各行业情况都正在改善。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于保险业<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，但对灾难险行业来说，今年第一季度是史上第二差的，日本、澳大利亚和新西兰发生的灾难可能使各再保险公司支出<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>亿美元。其中伯克希尔占<SPAN lang=EN-US>3%-5%</SPAN>，其保险业务九年内第一次亏损。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔业绩<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>伯克希尔在亚太地区股市的投资亏损了约<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>亿美元。其中，仅日本市场的投资就损失了<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>亿美元。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔业绩<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>伯克希尔的保险业务第一季度利润同比下降了<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>亿美元，主要是因为灾难造成的保险费支出增加，不过全年情况取决于飓风季的情况，第三季度通常是灾难最为频发的季度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔业绩<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>此外，铁路、公用事业<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2241.834,51.90,2.37%)</SPAN>和能源类业务的利润同比将近翻番，得益于北伯林顿铁路公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>(BNSF)</SPAN>的贡献。随着经济形势逐步复苏，制造业、服务和零售业务的业绩也不断改善。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔业绩<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>最近的龙卷风预计将给伯克希尔旗下的<SPAN lang=EN-US>GEICO</SPAN>保险公司带来<SPAN lang=EN-US>2.5</SPAN>万辆汽车赔付。不过<SPAN lang=EN-US>GEICO</SPAN>公司第一季度增长强劲，尤其是三月份，一季度保费收入同比增长约<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔业绩<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特继续强调，<SPAN lang=EN-US>GEICO</SPAN>公司的客户忠诚度很高，声称该业务创造了大量商誉方面的价值。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">回应<SPAN lang=EN-US>SEC</SPAN>指责<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>美国证券交易委员会<SPAN lang=EN-US>(SEC)</SPAN>曾批评伯克希尔在某些投资的损益计算上不采用市值计价<SPAN lang=EN-US>(mark-to-market)</SPAN>的会计方法，巴菲特为此辩护。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特称，索科尔的行为就像当年的索罗兄弟丑闻一样，既是不可原谅的又是难以理解的。之所以说难以理解，是因为索科尔同样也没有采取任何措施来掩饰他交易该公司股票的情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>此外，巴菲特认为，索科尔的净资产已经非常之高，很难理解他为何会为了这么点规模的交易而牺牲自己的信誉<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>索科尔购入了<SPAN lang=EN-US>1000</SPAN>万美元路博润股票，并借助伯克希尔后来的投资获益<SPAN lang=EN-US>300</SPAN>万美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>。索科尔会为了区区<SPAN lang=EN-US>300</SPAN>万美元而牺牲信誉，让他无法理解。但他承认，他没有及时发现索科尔买入路博润股票的事实，是一个错误。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特称，他的错误在于没有问索科尔：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>你什么时候买<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>路博润股票<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>的？<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>在接下来的时间里，巴菲特和芒格将坐镇舞台回答四万名股东提问，提问的现场股东随机抽出。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>第一个提问，同样是关于索科尔。问题：无法理解你在发现索科尔丑闻的时候，为什么没有立即采取强硬措施，而是发布了一个满是辩解和赞扬索科尔的新闻通稿，对于这样玷污了你本人和伯克希尔荣誉的人，你为什么不无情<SPAN lang=EN-US>(rutheless)</SPAN>些呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于索科尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特回溯了他在宣布投资路博润之后发现索科尔提前买入之事的过程<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>这些细节基本上已在伯克希尔审计委员会本周发布的报告中披露<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于内幕交易<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特承认，发现该丑闻后的第一份新闻通稿措辞不够严厉。他还称，已向<SPAN lang=EN-US>SEC</SPAN>提交了很多有关此事件的细节。查理<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>芒格表示，不能在盛怒之下做决定，表现出来的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>无情程度<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>应该与职责的要求相符，而不能超过。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>] </SPAN>提问：如果你还能再活<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>年，而且可以再投资一个行业，那会是什么行业？为什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，我们肯定会选择一个规模庞大的行业，在科技界将出现一些庞大的赢家。芒格说：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>科技或能源。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：在第一份新闻通稿中，你提到当索科尔第一次建议投资路博润时，你不感兴趣，不过听说他与该公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>的会谈结果后，你才有了兴趣。你一开始不认为投资该公司是个好主意，后来为什么要改变想法了？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于路博润<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我开始觉得对路博润的业务不太了解，而我在投资时希望了解该公司所处行业的情况，而且芒格也不太了解。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于路博润<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：但后来与路博润的<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>接触并与索科尔交流之后，我认为该公司规模很大，客户关系也很稳固，该公司在相关市场占统治地位，而且我认为这是可持续的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：能否谈谈对伯克希尔当前股价的看法？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，曾有一到两次认为伯克希尔的股价低于其内在价值，想要进行回购，但在执行回购之前股价又回升了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们不认为现在伯克希尔的股价太高。他还称，有意收购一家非常庞大的跨国公司，因为对方规模过大，只有动用部分伯克希尔股票作价才能进行此收购，但只有伯克希尔的股价涨到完全体现其价值时，才会如此操作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我更喜欢用现金进行收购，即使伯克希尔的股价合理，也很不情愿用股票作价进行收购。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：美国面临着如此之多的问题，比如不断增长的债务、财政赤字、经济增长缓慢等等，而且缺乏清晰的解决方案，为什么你对美国经济的前景总是这么乐观？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美国经济<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：从我出生以来，美国人的平均生活水平提高了<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>倍，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我认为每个人对这个国家都应该充满热情<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美国经济<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，总是有些事情值得担忧，但资本主义的力量是惊人的，正是这种力量让我们渡过种种难关，美国的潜力还没有用尽，只不过其他国家正在赶上来。在今后<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>年中，我们或许会有<SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN>或<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>年的坏日子，但我们比现在进步的程度将是翻天覆地的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：是否仍然更喜欢回报较高的公司，就像可口可乐或宝洁，而不是那些拥有大量<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>硬资产<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的公司？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，更喜欢前者，在通货膨胀环境下，拥有大量库存和应收账款的公司缺乏吸引力，我们通常对需要大量资本的行业<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>比如公用事业或铁路<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>不是特别热情，偏爱那些资本要求较低的公司，比如<SPAN lang=EN-US>See's Candies</SPAN>糖果公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：我相信伯克希尔管理资产非常成功，但我已到了退休的年岁，希望能从投资中获得一些收入，伯克希尔有没有可能进行分红？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔利润分配<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，如果什么时候伯克希尔投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>美元，却无法创造<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>美元的价值的话，那就会进行分红。需要从投资中获得收入的话，可以分批出售股票。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔利润分配<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我认为如果伯克希尔宣布进行分红的话，其股价很可能会下滑，因为这会被看成伯克希尔承认其投资机会有限。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：考虑到现在的经济形势，你认为伯克希尔投资的富国银行和合众银行前景如何？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于富国和合众银行<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：富国和合众是美国最优秀的银行之列，规模也非常大。但整个美国银行业的利润水平将比<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年低得多，因为杠杆率会下降。巴菲特还建议，与会者阅读<SPAN lang=EN-US>M&amp;T</SPAN>银行和摩根大通<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>致股东的年度公开信。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：过去几年来，我的伯克希尔股票涨幅比通胀率高不了多少，考虑到通胀因素，为什么不投资黄金等大宗商品呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特笑称，几十年前，每盎司黄金的价格曾经与每股伯克希尔股价差不多，而现在金价要赶上我们的股价还差得远呢。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，投资可以分为三大类，第一类是与货币有关的。说着他掏出了一张一美元纸币，背面印着<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我们信仰上帝<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，巴菲特笑称，应该改为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我们相信政府<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，因为任何与货币有关的投资都是一种赌博，即押注于政府的货币政策。从长远来看，几乎所有货币都贬值了，除非回报率非常之高，否则我们不认为投资于货币是合理的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>第二类投资是不能用于生产，只是可以转售的东西，典型的例子就是黄金，把全世界的黄金都放在一起，你可以造一个边长<SPAN lang=EN-US>67</SPAN>英尺的立方体<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>可还是没什么用。巴菲特称，购买任何不能用于生产的资产，都只不过是赌博，期望会有人出更高的价钱从你这儿买走。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>第三类投资则是可以生产创造的东西。比如一座农场，你愿意为其付多少钱取决于你认为它能生产多少价值。这种投资风格才是巴菲特和芒格喜欢的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格表示，投资黄金是为了避险，如果说你购买某项资产，却只有世界末日的时候才能回报，这恐怕说不过去。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：全世界的黄金总市值<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>万亿美元，全美国的农田总价值才<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>万亿美元，也就是说，用来购买一个边长<SPAN lang=EN-US>67</SPAN>英尺的黄金立方体的钱，可以买下全美的农田，再加上<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>个埃克森美孚，然后还能剩下来<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>万亿美元！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：当你为你的第一个投资基金筹钱时，你如何吸引投资者呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特笑称，买我的传记《滚雪球》看看吧。他表示：邀请他人合作的时候，我会告诉他本人的钱财也跟他的放在一起管理。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：伯克希尔的公司架构就像是<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>年代的大财团，其整体股价赶不上其各部分应有价值之和，你同意这种观点吗？不同意的话，你认为伯克希尔的公司架构如何？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于伯克希尔公司架构<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，首先，伯克希尔确实是个大型企业集团，这种结构的好处之一就是将资金转移到高回报的业务时，在税收方面较为划算。不过，我们与<SPAN lang=EN-US>go-go(</SPAN>指资金不断涌入，推高股市<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>时代的企业集团不同，那时候的有些企业就是个庞兹骗局。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：巴菲特和芒格，一百年之后，你们最希望被人们记住的特质是什么呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：长寿。芒格：巴菲特希望人们在出席他的葬礼的时候会说，这是我见过的看起来年龄最大的尸体。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：相对于各重要货币，美元一直在贬值，美联储还继续维持着超低利率，这也与多数大国不同，你认为这会对你的业务产生什么影响？你对货币市场是否感兴趣？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，几年前曾经做空美元，赚了大概<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>亿美元，不过现在不怎么做这类交易了，我认为美元的购买力毫无疑问会逐步下降，问题是下降的速度如何。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特表示，目前，可口可乐<SPAN lang=EN-US>80%</SPAN>的收入都来自非美国市场，这也能帮助伯克希尔防御美元贬值风险。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美元<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：现在一美元的购买力，只相当于我出生的时候<SPAN lang=EN-US>(1930)</SPAN>的<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>美分，尽管如此伯克希尔的业绩仍然很好，虽然我痛恨通货膨胀，但我们已经很适应通胀了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：在决定投资伯克希尔还是某个共同基金时，你认为应当考虑哪些因素？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：如果你不是积极投资者的话，我建议购买指数基金，当然伯克希尔也不错。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你认为何种税法调整或货币政策改变可以促进美国经济增长？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美国经济<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们在货币和财务政策上已经竭尽全力了，很难想象还能在货币政策方面继续采取措施。芒格：我们最大的错误在于，没有从金融危机等不幸中吸取充分的教训。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于房地产<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：美国房地产行业很不景气，我们现在建造的新住宅数量远少于新组成的家庭。我们终将会消耗掉在泡沫期间建造的大量滞销房屋，届时住宅建设行业将会复苏，带来大量工作岗位。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于房地产<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：许多才华横溢的工程师也涌入了金融行业。对冲基金经理交税的税率比物理老师还低，这真是荒唐！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>休息一小时！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你们两位对比亚迪及其董事长都曾赞誉有加，现在该公司是否仍然像你们当初投资时那样具备吸引力？该公司新产品发布推迟是否值得担忧？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于比亚迪<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：比亚迪现在的股价是我们买入时的两倍，因此当然不像那时那么便宜了，我们对比亚迪取得的进展表示满意。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：我主要投资大宗商品，你对石油持什么看法？该买入还是卖出？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于油价<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们很早之前交易过石油。对现在油价的走势，我们也说不准。我认为，一个明智的投资者如果把时间用来研究那些生产性的资产，能比进行大宗商品投机赚到更多钱。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于油价<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：石油的问题是，不能像黄金那样用来把玩。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：能否谈谈你在过去一年中学到的最重要的经验教训？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于投资策略<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：我不得不承认，以前忽视了科技行业，我最近阅读了介绍谷歌公司的《<SPAN lang=EN-US>In the Plex</SPAN>》，对这种塑造工程师文化的企业非常着迷。巴菲特：下次要写新闻稿的时候我会让芒格动手。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你们是否认为还会出现大企业濒临倒闭，但为了使经济不受拖累，不得不用纳税人的钱给予救援的情况？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于政府救助<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：世界上确有一些值得政府出资救援的机构，股东们不值得救，管理层也不值得救，但某些机构确实不能让它崩溃。不过我对美国政府对汽车行业的援助持怀疑态度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于政府救助<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：不幸的是，总是会有太大而不能倒的公司。尽管如此，对于接受社会出资拯救的公司，其<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>应当破产，付出代价。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于政府救助<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：刚刚结束的金融危机和衰退适于华尔街，引发这些灾难的与其说是邪恶，不如说是愚蠢。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：如果还有什么人我们没骂到的话，记得递个小纸条上来告诉我。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你去年从华盛顿邮报公司的董事会辞职，这是否暗示你对该公司的业务不抱信心？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于华盛顿邮报<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们并不计划出售华盛顿邮报公司的任何股份，我对该公司管理层的满意程度一如既往。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：作为一个澳大利亚投资者，伯克希尔股价升值能否抵消美元相对澳元的贬值呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于澳元汇率<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我无法提供任何保证，因为对于美国政府的美元政策和澳大利亚政府的澳元政策，我都无法决定。我只能说，我们将继续努力，促使伯克希尔股价上涨。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：对伯克希尔来说，股票投资组合的重要性逐步下降，你们专注的似乎是大规模收购。这是否正是你们今后的计划？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于股票投资组合<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们对伯克希尔的这两类业务同样重视，我们希望通过收购未来几年内盈利前景很大的企业，但在股票投资方面投入的时间精力并未减少，这类业务的业绩同样会显著影响伯克希尔的业绩。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于股票投资组合<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：我们仍将继续持有大量公开交易的证券，但随着我们的规模越来越大，这方面的选择会变得越来越少，此外我认为通过收购整个公司而缔造永久性的合作关系更为有趣。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于股票投资组合<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我觉得都很有趣！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：考虑到通货膨胀率较高的经济形势，伯克希尔的哪类业务会从中受益？哪些会受拖累？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于通胀影响<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：受益最大的是所需资本性投入较少，而且有能力随着通胀而提高价格的公司，比如<SPAN lang=EN-US>See's</SPAN>糖果公司，受害最严重的是那些收取固定价格的公司，比如公用事业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：伯克希尔是否会考虑对<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>类股进行拆股？这样做的话好处和坏处分别是什么？有何长期影响？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>类股<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们发行了<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>类股，这已经相当于拆股了，持有<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>类股也没什么不好，我们不太可能再次拆股。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你曾赞扬阿吉特<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>亚恩<SPAN lang=EN-US>(Ajit Jain)</SPAN>，称他可能成为继任者，你能举例说明他在什么方面让你印象深刻吗？我们对他了解不多，你能否谈谈？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于接班人<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：阿吉特不喜欢追求媒体关注，他作出的所有决策当中，没有哪个我觉得自己可以做得更好的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于接班人<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：阿吉特很有创造力，得益于他的贡献，我们才进入了其他保险领域。芒格：没到感恩节，阿吉特就飞到伦敦工作，因为英国人不过感恩节。巴菲特：不过圣诞节我们还是给他放假的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你对商誉的价值如何看待？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于商誉<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：在衡量一家公司基本的吸引力时，不应当把商誉的因素考虑进去。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：能否举几个例子，来说明哪些企业的举措是正确的，哪些则是错误的？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于企业举措<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：好市多<SPAN lang=EN-US>(Costco)</SPAN>就是个通过天才地管理成为行业内翘楚的典型，该公司在韩国的一家店年销售额就达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>亿美元，好市多的成功是明智管理、企业道德和勤奋耕耘综合的结果，是极为罕见的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于企业举措<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：通用汽车的起伏兴衰用作例子的话可以讲整整一堂课。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于企业举措<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：芒格太喜欢好市多了，有一次有两个恐怖分子劫持了我和芒格坐的飞机，声称在处决我们之前可以满足我们的最后一个愿望，结果芒格说能不能让我再讲一次好市多的优点，而我说，先杀了我吧！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：我们的子女生活无虞，什么都不缺，如何激励他们刻苦学习成长，使他们能与各发展中国家的下一代竞争呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于子女教育<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：这确实是个问题，不认为在富裕家庭长大的孩子会喜欢每周工作<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>个小时。巴菲特：我不希望我的孩子仅仅因为父母有钱就觉得自己很特别。他还笑称：当然我也不希望给他们太多激励，让他们比我干得更好！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：伯克希尔现任管理层很大程度上不是为了钱而努力工作，可是我们不大可能找到另一位愿意只拿<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>万美元的<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>，你希望将来的高管拿多少薪酬？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于高管薪酬<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：下一位<SPAN lang=EN-US>CEO</SPAN>很可能也在继任前就有很多钱了，不过考虑到本公司的规模，他还应当获得大额薪酬；他还可以获得期权奖励，不过应当基于公司的内在价值授予，而非股价。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于高管薪酬<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们的一些经理人年薪好几千万，不过他们理应获得这么高薪酬。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：考虑到你们对可再生能源和自然资源都很感兴趣，能否谈谈各种资源的耗竭对你们的投资战略有何影响？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于资源<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：影响不大，有不少社会问题对我们的投资决定其实没多大影响，我不是说他们不重要，只是不一定会影响我们的决定。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于资源<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：有些人觉得资源耗竭问题的解决方案就是挖、挖、挖，这些人简直是疯子。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：路博润直接与你们谈妥了收购事宜，而没有寻求其他收购者，路博润董事会的这种行为是否违反了其信托责任？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于路博润<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：当然没有。我们不会参加这种竞买，如果他们这么做的话，我们就不会参与，那他们最后卖得的价钱很可能比现在还低。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：今后你将以何种标准来衡量自己有没有做好工作呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于业绩衡量标准<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们希望继续跑赢市场，而不是超过过去的平均水平。公司的市值会不断波动，因此市值并不是衡量公司内在价值的好标准。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：在金融危机期间，你们进行了许多盈利颇丰的投资，比如高盛、通用电气等公司，但这些投资的条款各不相同，能否解释一下原因？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于金融危机<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：所有这些投资都是在不同时期进行的，这五次投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>高盛、通用电气、陶氏化学、玛氏及瑞士再保险<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>所耗费的机会成本各不相同，把每次交易的业绩都跟你成功的投资相比较是很不合理的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>] </SPAN>提问：你每天阅读<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>份报纸，还有大量公司财报之类，你的阅读速度比大多数人都快，对于高中生以及其他人士如何提高阅读速度，你有何建议？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于阅读技巧<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我阅读速度不算快，而且比以前变慢了，芒格阅读速度更快。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于阅读技巧<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：阅读速度的重要性被夸大了，慢点也没事，读得快又怎么样？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：美国国会试图用政治手段突破国债规模上限<SPAN lang=EN-US>(debt ceiling)</SPAN>，你对此有何看法？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美国国债<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：这非常之愚蠢，就像印第安纳州<SPAN lang=EN-US>1890</SPAN>年代立法将圆周率改成<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>，以让儿童更容易学习一样愚蠢。可是设立债务上限本身也是个错误，美国是个不断发展变化的国家，我们的债务承担能力也在不断发展变化。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于美国国债<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：尽管借更多债不一定是个好主意，但为其设定最高限度也不是正确的解决方法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：中美能源公司计划在爱荷华州东部建设核电站，但考虑到福岛泄漏事故，你觉得为了该核电站中有望得到的回报，值得冒这种风险吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于核电<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我认为核电站是世界应对资源匮乏问题的途径之一，我认为核电站相当重要而且是安全的，但考虑到日本核灾难的影响，我不认为该计划在美国能顺利付诸实施。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于核电<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们本来就运转着危险的石油管道，以及承载危险品的铁路，我把自己看作<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>首席风险官<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。另外，在美国煤矿中，每年丧生的人都超过日本核灾难的死亡人数。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：对于你们投资的北柏林顿和可口可乐等公司，你们是否会预测其增长速度和长期现金流？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于盈利预测<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：增长必须是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>有利可图的<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>增长才行，所有投资都应当基于这一角度，我们并不排斥增长缓慢甚至没有增长的公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于盈利预测<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：那些<SPAN lang=EN-US>MBA</SPAN>学生学到的预测方法弊大于益。这种所谓的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>精确<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>其实错得离谱，我们则经常进行粗略的预测。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：在伯克希尔的<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="13" UnitName="F"><SPAN lang=EN-US>13F</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>表格中列出了三种巴菲特本人持有的股票，这是怎么回事？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于巴菲特持股<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>伯克希尔<SPAN lang=EN-US>CFO</SPAN>马克<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>哈姆伯格：这些股票是员工退休金计划购买的，因为巴菲特是大股东，这些信息也需要披露。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于巴菲特持股<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我本人持有不少我推荐你们不要购买的证券：美国国债，但这只是因为我不想为这些钱费心。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：中国的文化和商业环境与美国有很大不同，投资中国企业有什么特别之处吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于在华投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：当我投资中石油<SPAN lang=EN-US>(11.71,0.03,0.26%)</SPAN>的时候，无论是按石油储备、现金流还是其他任何标准来衡量，其股价都非常便宜。另一家俄罗斯公司同样便宜，我不是什么地缘政治专家，但我对于在中国投资的感觉要好很多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于在华投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我们对于海外各国的税法、习俗等并不是全都了解，这使得海外投资的难度增加，不过基本的投资原则，即评估企业的价值、寻找优秀的经理人以及争取优惠购买价格等等都是一样的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：现在的银行存款利率如此之低，那你们把盈余资金都投入到什么地方去？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于资金投向<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：对短期资金来说，没有什么特别好的去处，截至第一季度，我们账上盈余的<SPAN lang=EN-US>380</SPAN>亿美元基本上都购买了国债。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于资金投向<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：追求短期高额盈利可能适得其反。巴菲特：因为我们能够在短期内拿出大量现金，这帮助我们抓住了许多投资机会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>中美能源在风力发电方面进行了很多投资，考虑到现在涌入该行业的巨额资金，你们对风电有何看法？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于风电<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：风力发电很不错，可只有刮风的才时候才用得上，因此无法成为最基本的电力供应形式。只有在政府提供税收方面的优惠时，风电投资才合理，否则的话无法赢得具有吸引力的回报。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于风电<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：在爱荷华州只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>35%</SPAN>的时候有风。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你曾提到索科尔将<SPAN lang=EN-US>NetJets</SPAN>从破产边缘拯救出来，我对此不太理解，如果该公司曾濒临破产的话，你不是有义务向股东披露该事实吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于信息披露<SPAN lang=EN-US>] </SPAN>巴菲特：如果<SPAN lang=EN-US>NetJets</SPAN>当时是一家独立公司，那它早已破产了，但在伯克希尔的羽翼下它得以生存，我们的两家保险业子公司也出现过这种情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于信息披露<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：伯克希尔交纳的公司税占到全美该税收总征收额的<SPAN lang=EN-US>2%</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：现在年轻人的失业率几乎达到<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%</SPAN>，你对聪明、懂事而又想获得一份好工作的年轻人有何建议？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于就业<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：最重要的是加强自己的能力，说不定什么时候就能用得上。我在<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>年代曾上过卡内基培训<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>演讲技巧<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>，花了<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>美元，而我从中获得裨益不可计数。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：芒格先生，您将托德<SPAN lang=EN-US>·</SPAN>康姆斯介绍进了伯克希尔，能透露一下具体细节吗？你觉得他在伯克希尔干得怎么样？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于首席投资官继承人<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：他给我写了一封信，然后我们一起吃了顿饭。巴菲特：他的业绩需要五年时间衡量，而非<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>个月，我们将来很可能会有不止一位投资经理，两到三个比较好。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：强生是伯克希尔投资的企业中规模最大的之一，最近该公司巨资收购了医疗设备公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>Synthes</SPAN>，考虑到你以前曾讥讽卡夫食品用股票收购吉百利的行为，你对强生的决定有何看法？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于强生收购<SPAN lang=EN-US>Synthes]</SPAN>巴菲特：如果他们是用现金而不是股票收购的话，我会满意得多。芒格：我们对巧克力和批萨行业懂得多些，医疗设备不是我们擅长的领域。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你们进行收购的胃口如何？什么样的企业对你们来说就太大了？最近有什么打算？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于企业收购<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：我的胃口一直不错，但我们不会用发行新股或出售旗下业务的方式来收购另一家公司，我们在决策之前会不断累积现金。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>提问：你对现在的住宅建设市场有何看法？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于房地产<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>巴菲特：现在的情况非常糟糕，我们旗下的<SPAN lang=EN-US>Shaw</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>Johns Manville</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>Acme Brick</SPAN>公司都受到了影响，目前看来完全没有复苏，一片惨淡景象。但是这些企业本身很不错，总的来说，我国建设新住宅的速度与家庭数量增长是同步的，只是现在的情况较为特殊。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">关于房地产<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>芒格：只要长期收入前景很好，我们并不介意短期内的利润波动。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>[</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">大会现场<SPAN lang=EN-US>]</SPAN>问答环节结束！<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-4-26 14:04:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[钟兆民：私募发展进入下半场 历史性投资机会再现]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2199998.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<DIV style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #c8d8f2 1pt solid; mso-element: para-border-div; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #C8D8F2 .75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #C8D8F2 .75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-line-height-alt: 10.5pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt">钟兆民：私募发展进入下半场</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt">历史性投资机会再现</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://www.sina.com.cn/"><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">http://www.sina.com.cn</SPAN></A>&nbsp;&nbsp;2012</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>01</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>13</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;13:27&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #cc0000; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://finance.sina.com.cn/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>新浪财经</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://weibo.com/finance?zwm=finance"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #587598; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博</SPAN></SPAN></A> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 11.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网专访东方港湾资产管理董事长钟兆民<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　摘要：从<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年下跌以来，调整已经<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>年时间，经济层面看上去虽然存在许多值得担忧的地方，但股市是提前反应经济基本面的，今年和明年，专业的投资者需要从防守转为进攻。现在从估值、国家政策、产业资本增持各方面看，历史性的投资机会再现。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　主要关注非周期性大消费类行业，包括消费品，现代商业和服务，医疗保健等，还有电子商务。次要关注领域周期性行业，例如金融，地产，资源类等行业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募发展已经进入了下半场，机构和投资者越来越成熟，私募从原来<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>单枪匹马<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>机会型，到要依靠团队、公司的管理投研系统性方法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　过去几年，行业部分投资者对巴菲特的价值投资有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教条主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>本本主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的倾向。投资风格和策略要和管理资金的性质和周期相匹配，不能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>短钱长投<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，也不能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>长钱短投<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　历史性投资机会再现</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您如何看<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年的机会？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：假如是坚定的价值投资者，如果上市公司的基本面良好，股价的下跌是一件好事情，好东西变得便宜了，值得开心才对。我们目前保持八成以上的仓位，就说明我们对未来市场行情比较看好。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　危情与机遇总是相生相伴。正如无人能够预料<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>年旷世危机在当年便实现反转那样，今天我们同样无法预知伴随巨幅调整，股市是否会触底反弹<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>但是当前估值水平处于历史低位，已具相当吸引力且距离底部并不遥远，却已是个不争的事实。与此相应的另一指示市场见底的标志事件便是产业资本的增持与回购。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　从<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年下跌以来，调整已经<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>年时间，经济层面看上去虽然存在许多值得担忧的地方，但股市是提前反应经济基本面的，我认为，今年和明年，专业的投资者需要从防守转为进攻。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　现在从估值、国家政策、产业资本增持各方面看，历史性的投资机会再现。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：目前产业资本大量增持，您怎么看？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：产业资本增持需要分清增持的真实意图，辨别真假，如果产业资本是真正对行业、公司的前景充满信心，采取了回购行为，大股东增持力度比较大的，表明了该产业的估值是受到他们认可的，存在投资机会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　同时，国家最近也在鼓励产业资本增持，增持半年后就可以解禁。加上社保基金、养老金入市等一系列利好的累积，到了一定程度后，会催生一波牛市的诞生。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　关注非周期性大消费类行业</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司主要看好哪些板块的投资机会？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们主要关注非周期性大消费类行业，包括消费品，现代商业和服务，医疗保健等，还有电子商务。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　次要关注领域周期性行业，例如金融，地产，资源类等行业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　按更具体的行业特征分类，以下几类是我们研究的重点：具国际竞争力的民族特色产业；有核心竞争力的制造业企业；已具本土品牌和网络优势的企业；部分具有资源垄断型的企业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　按商业模式分类，我们希望从以下几类模式中发掘超越市场平均回报的上市公司：长期复利<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>经典价值投资方法<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>；拐点型行业和公司；垄断型企业<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　；免费高杠杆<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>非息负债<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>型企业 ，如基金管理公司等；无物流以光速经营的商业模式，如互联网类公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年政策面暖风频吹</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：温家宝表态要提振股市的信心，证监会也出台一系列政策，您怎么看<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年我国的政策面？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：这些都是政策暖风，因为资本市场在中国经济体系中扮演了非常重要的角色，如果股市一直低迷，对经济也是不利的，股市最终还是为经济服务的。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年应该是暖风频吹的一年，对股市都是正面。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募行业发展进入下半场未来拼团队管理和投研系统性方法<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您怎么看私募行业目前的现状？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：私募公司在不断成熟和风格出现分化。以<SPAN lang=EN-US>2004</SPAN>年赵丹阳设立<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>赤子之心<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>作为阳光私募开端的标志，已经走过了<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>年的时间，私募发展已经进入了下半场。私募从原来<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>单枪匹马<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>机会型，到要依靠团队、系统。研究要靠团队，决策依靠核心人员，先民主再集中。同时，私募风格开始出现分化，量化、对冲、高频交易、价值等不同风格的私募涌现。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二，投资者在不断成熟。境外的投资者对私募公司的尽职调查非常详尽，会调研好几次问上百个问题，国内投资者目前还达不到这个程度，一方面说明国内投资者的投资观念还需要加强，但从另一方面，和以前相比，投资者的成熟度也在明显提高，如现在投资者都会货比三家比较后选私募。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：进入第二阶段后，私募公司发应该更注重什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：私募发展进入第二阶段后，私募公司更要拼团队的优秀程度、公司的管理、投研的系统性方法。像以前靠一两个人发现一两个股票赚一点钱，那是项目性的机会性的，不是一个企业的形式，也不成系统。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募公司至少有三块需要管理，第一是投研；第二是业务，包括市场、产品、销售和客服；第三是后台运营，办公室、财务、清算等，在香港，后台运营特别强调合规性，合规的规章制度、合规人员的素质等，这些都是国内投资公司需要学习的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　假如证监会让私募合法化，让其拥有牌照，私募会是资本市场上很有生命力的群体。《新基金法》修改可能允许私募合法化，也有利于私募公司规模的扩大。同时，证监会主席郭树清表态鼓励管理公司采用合伙制，鼓励公司制基金，假如能够推开尝试，对私募行业的发展是非常有好处的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　海外投资者更注重制度流程后台建设</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司在香港经营多年，觉得海外投资者和国内投资者有何不同？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们在境外经营了<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>年的对冲基金，有一些感触和建议。首先，海外投资者更加注重制度、流程。其次，他们先看资产管理公司风险控制，后看业绩记录，至少看三以上的业绩记录，而国内一般是相反。第三，先团队后个人英雄，核心人物在团队的基础上变得更加优秀。第四，更加重视后台的建设，如<SPAN lang=EN-US>IT</SPAN>、合规等，其次才是前线的建设，如投资研究等显性的业务比较容易考量。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　海外发基金需两三年适应期海外可投资品种更丰富<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您认为我国私募基金到海外发行产品，主要存在哪些难题？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：最主要的是对海外的法律法规不熟悉，一般都需要两到三年的适应期，前面基本上是积累品牌，熟悉法律法规的过程。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　目前，欧美经济不好，欧美投资者本身就比较谨慎，和大陆私募公司在沟通上，除了语言上的问题，还有文化的差异。欧美投资者要和大陆私募要建立信任，需要较长时间的沟通。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　另外，国内私募到海外发行产品，募集资金上会存在比较大的难题，这就需要找到公司的核心竞争力，找到合适的目标客户群。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：中国部分私募在香港发行基金，国内业绩和海外业绩的表现差异性非常大，主要是什么原因？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：主要是可投资品种、采用策略和工具不同导致的。投资手段比较多，海外可以做空，国内阳光私募做空最近才能得以成行；海外的投资范围比较广，对冲基金理论上可以全球投资，可投资的品种就非常多，衍生品也比较多，所以，做得好的私募会更好，做得差的私募业绩会更差。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　国内私募的策略比较单一，基本上都是多头策略，<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011</SPAN>年，国际私募基金做宏观对冲的业绩好于自下而上的价值型基金，做空让他们的业绩更加优秀。然而，我国目前缺乏做空的人才，基本上还是属于多头策略。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　核心员工要有梦想敢承担 多付出</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您认为私募公司能够取得成功的要素是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们已经做了<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>年的私募管理，我认为让一家公司走远走长久，有几点非常重要：第一，公司的员工尤其是核心员工要有理想，并为之奋斗，精神才是真正能够支撑企业壮大的重要力量。我们提炼出公司的企业文化：因为专注，所以专业；因为专业，创造价值；因为分享，造就团队；因为开放，成就事业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　第二，核心员工要有梦想，敢承担，多付出，团队才有战斗力和生命力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　主动<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>做减法<SPAN lang=EN-US>” </SPAN>坚持聚焦懂得放弃</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司在经营上有何特色？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：私募管理公司主要是靠人，赚钱靠投研人员，找钱靠销售人员，管理方式上以<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>人合<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>为主，以<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>资合<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>为辅，人才是资产管理公司最宝贵的财富。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>制度的先进性<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>组织的开放性<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>是事业持续成功的保证。我们公司是在有限责任公司的法律形式下，采用合伙制经营模式，以吸引一批志同道合又高度互补的精英人才，立志锻造中国最稳健，最卓越的资产管理公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　这种模式国内也有私募在才采用，证监会目前也在鼓励这种模式，我们目前也在尝试这种模式，相信科学的制度会释放出生产力和创造力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：投研上有何特色？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们在经营策略上第一个提出主动<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>做减法<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，坚持聚焦，高效执行。要敢于放弃是我们多年来的体会，要将一个行业搞深搞透，不要天女散花式的研究。我们主要集中在非周期性行业，周期性行业不是我们研究的主要方向，一个研究员专注于一个细分领域，在投研上懂得放弃。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　在业务上也懂得聚焦，集中精力于某一地区，懂得放弃后，效率反而更高了。目前社会上投资理财的需求比较旺盛，假如一家私募公司有好的投研能力、管理能力，就容易得到投资者的信任和青睐。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　建立<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>投研联盟<SPAN lang=EN-US>” </SPAN>优化资源共享</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：在公司发展方面，贵公司如何利用外界资源实现优势互补？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们公司和别的投资公司还有一点不同之处，就是在建立<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>投研联盟<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>日，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>东方港湾资产管理<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>香港<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>有限公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>锦宏资本有限公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>签署深度战略合作协议，我们公司和国泰君安香港资产管理公司同时成为锦宏资本的投资顾问，该协议的签署标志着双方公司将步入全方位合作的模式。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　一直以来，双方公司在投资理念上志同道合，未来在推进经营管理的理念及模式上也将协同共进。双方的深度合作在投研方面必会形成优势互补，研究具有协同性，这将有助于构建更具实力及优势的投研团队。此外，在以香港、上海及深圳三地为核心的基础上，公司的业务触角将辐射至周边地区，形成三大区域业务的联动与互补，从而为投资者提供更优质的前端与后续服务。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　未来，我们也会继续寻找投资理念相似的公司结成投研联盟，研究充分共享，决策自主决策。因为我们已经熟悉海外市场的法律法规，运作相对成熟，可以帮助其他公司在海外逐步成熟发展。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　部分投资者对价值投资有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教条主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>本本主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>倾向<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司的投资理念是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们的投资哲学是长期<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>专注价值投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>；将人类经典投资思想，结合中国本土实践，探索有中国特色的投资之道。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　投资策略分为主要策略和辅助战术：主要策略是长期和集中投资；辅助战术是基于估值的交易。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　根据我们近年对价值投资的反复实践和研究，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>长期投资<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>是价值投资最重要的方法，但不是价值投资的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>全部内涵<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>；假如短期内，市场使上市公司的股价从低估到太高估，投资者及时获利了结，这仍然是经典价值投资的一种类型。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　我们在坚持以<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>长期投资、集中投资于杰出企业<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>为主要投资战略的前提下，完善投资方法，重视市场变化给企业估值带来的变化。若这些变化导致企业股票定价太低或太高时，则会提供增持和减持机会。基于估值判断而不是基于市场未来涨跌预测的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，是长期价值投资必要的辅助战术，有利于投资收益最大化。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　概而言之，我们的主要战略和辅助战术是：长期和集中投资是主要战略，基于估值的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>交易是必要的辅助战术，使用恰当，将会实现投资收益最大化。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您如何理解巴菲特的价值投资在中国土壤上的特殊性？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：过去几年，我认为行业部分投资者对巴菲特的价值投资有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教条主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>本本主义<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的倾向。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　我是国内第一个去见巴菲特的私募，这些年我也在反思巴菲特哪些东西是精华，是值得我们学习的，哪些东西是需要根据我们实际国情作出修正的。如中国前面十年，工程机械非常发达，公司和股票都表现得非常好，而美国已经过了工业企业高速增长的阶段，所以不能照搬美国的经验。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　两国的国情不一样，每个人的投资经历也不一样，另外，管理的资金不一样，巴菲特的钱<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>又长又多<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，是公司制基金，而我国私募管理的是客户的钱，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>又少又短<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，照搬巴菲特的价值投资就会比较危险。投资风格和策略要和管理资金的性质和周期相匹配，不能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>短钱长投<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，也不能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>长钱短投<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　学习巴菲特需要结合中国实际才能成功，我们强调现实生活、社会的丰富和复杂程度是超过我们想象的，每个国家每个时期都不一样，所以需要用巴菲特的精髓，结合我国国情和个人的特点，实践出真知，如我国股市很多草根，虽然没有理论指导，却有着丰富的经验，一样取得成功。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：价值投资的精髓在于<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>滚雪球<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，一是朝着有雪的地方滚，二是要有足够长的草坡<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>时间<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>，我国私募管理的是短钱，是否也就找不到足够长的草坡？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>滚雪球<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>比较适合个人的钱或公司制的钱，我们内部讨论过私募基金管理的钱组织形式有三种，一是信托，契约式的流动性比较强的钱，时间上会比较短，一般是一到两年；二是合伙制企业，时间稍长一点，可以到五到七年；最长的是如巴菲特式的股份制投资控股公司，相当于公司制基金，钱只能转让而不能赎回，钱就会变得非常<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>长<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　长期投资不是价值投资的全部但是最重要最有效的方法<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：那您认为在中国做巴菲特式的价值投资，需要结合实际做哪些方面的修正呢？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：过去，我们有将长期投资与价值投资等同的倾向，对价值投资的理解是不全面、不系统的，长期投资不是价值投资的全部，但仍是价值投资中最重要最有效的方法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　将集中投资和长期投资等同于价值投资是不对的，因为特别好的值得长期重仓的公司是不多的，而市场上将巴菲特成功的特殊案例普遍化了，这是很危险的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　理论上，假如一个人能够悉数掌握市场的短期波动，持续地成功进行短期波段操作，那么，无需多久，他就会成为世界首富。然而历史经验证明，人类对宏观经济、企业盈利和股票市场三者的短期波动都是难以预测的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　另一方面，对一家优秀的企业而言，其内在价值会随着时间的推移而不断增长，时间是有价值的。投资者以合理的价格购入一家优秀企业的股份，在足够长的时间内，企业的价格一定会随着价值的增长而增长，这是长期投资的基本逻辑。由于短期内企业的利润和股价都难以预测，而长期是有规律可循的，所以长期投资是价值投资中最重要、最有效的方法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　当然，当市场极度恐慌或极度疯狂时，企业或行业出现明显的周期变化时，或者有突发事件发生时，企业价格可能会严重脱离合理的价值区域，这是市场给予我们增持或抛售的良机，我们也应该果断行动。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　有时，基于估值判断的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，是长期价值投资必要的辅助策略。我们希望我们的投资既有原则性，又有灵活性。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　两类<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>背后的分析逻辑</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您如何理解<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：市场上存在两类<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，背后有着不同的分析逻辑。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　资本市场的投资者基本可以分为两类：趋势投资者和价值投资者，表象上二者都在做<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高抛低吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，其实，他们背后的分析逻辑是截然不同的。以抛出股票的交易行为为例，预期市场会下跌，抛出手中股票，这是趋势交易者的分析逻辑。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　而基于公司基本面，通过估值计算，认为企业目前的市场价格高估而失去了投资价值，从而抛出手中股票，这是价值投资者背后的分析逻辑。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　因为市场狂热与企业价值高估经常会同步，因此有时可能会出现趋势投资者和价值投资者同时抛出股票的现象，行动貌似一致，但背后逻辑截然不同。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　所以，目前我们在操作上，适合做长期的就做长期，周期类的一般做中线，希望能够做到景气低潮的时候买入，景气高潮的时候卖出，就如巴菲特卖<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://finance.sina.com.cn/realstock/company/sh601857/nc.shtml" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>中国石油</SPAN></SPAN></A>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">9.86</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0.01</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0.10%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一样。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　选股四标准</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司选择股票有何标准？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：我们重视企业的估值，重视企业的经营，我们评判企业主要有四个标准，第一是商业模式，第二是过往的业绩记录，第三看团队，第四看价格，按照这个顺序来寻找投资标的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　投资是很全面的事情，要求投资经理必须非常全面，需要自下而上和自上而下综合起来，企业是立体的，需要全方位的考察一家企业，而不是单方向的考虑，比如经济低迷的时候，好的企业也很难赚到钱。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　巴菲特曾说过<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>定性分析能大钱，定量分析能赚确定无疑的钱<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，但赚大钱的机会不多，大部分需要通过我们的辛勤劳动，通过我们算账估值，才能赚确定无疑的钱，这两者不能偏颇。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　不造成永久性资本损失永远是最重要的原则<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：贵公司如何做风险控制？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：对投资而言，不造成永久性资本损失永远是最重要的原则。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　措施一：对投资而言，最好的风险控制方法是事前的深入研究和尽责调查。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　措施二：由于数据和信息的不可能完全充分性，以及人类认识的局限和不可预计因素，我们会预留合理的安全边际，来规避各种难以预测和掌控的风险。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　措施三：为避免我们选错企业或者选择的企业出了差错，我们通过定期跟踪调研来回避风险。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　措施四：通过投资不同的行业和公司，适度分散投资来规避风险，构建科学合理的投资组合是回避风险的有效措施。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　措施五：尽管我们采取各种措施防范风险，当我们发现投资决策错误后，及时认错，是风险控制不可缺少的组成部分。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　找到合适的方法加以坚持</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您是中国最早一代的投资管理人，总结您的投资生涯，用一句话概括您认为投资中最重要的一点是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：找到适合自己的投资方法后，要坚持。同时，投资要落地，定性分析和定量分析要综合起来，不能太感性，也不能太理性，感性和理性要结合，要敢大胆设想，小心求证，对好的投资标的要深入调研深入分析，不能光看公开资料和卖方报告。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　做自己擅长的事敢于承认错误<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　私募排排网：您认为做一个好的投资人和一个好的投资管理人，最重要的分别是什么？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　钟兆民：做的好的投资人需要清楚自己的投资预期，并去寻找到合乎投资预期的投资管理人或者投资标的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　好的投资管理人需要清楚自己擅长什么，做自己擅长的事情，不要做不擅长的事情，争取找到合适自己的投资者和合作伙伴。其次，一个好的投资管理人要在犯错误的时候，敢于承认错误，从错误中吸取教训才能不断进步。同时，投资经理有悲观和乐观情绪，好的投资管理人应该是客观，从生活常识中、从历史规律中找到经济的规律，至少是经济的统计规律，才能变得更加优秀。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>]]></description>
<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-4-25 8:29:00</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[从500万到80亿美元 谢清海被称为东方巴菲特]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2199831.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">从<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万到<SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN>亿美元 谢清海被称为东方巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><A href="http://www.sina.com.cn/"><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">http://www.sina.com.cn</SPAN></A>&nbsp;&nbsp;2012</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>04</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>21</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;05:18&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #cc0000; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><A href="http://epaper.cs.com.cn/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>中国证券报</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 11.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>□</SPAN>本报记者 黄淑慧<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2010</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>21</SPAN>日，深秋的纽约落叶缤纷，色彩斑斓。清晨，谢清海出门前又紧了紧领带，今天他将受邀出席在纽约哥伦比亚大学举办的第二十届<SPAN lang=EN-US>Graham &amp; Dodd(</SPAN>格雷厄姆<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>多德<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>早餐年会，并在会上发表题为《如何在中国及亚洲地区运用价值投资进行投资》的演讲。这是首位获邀到年会上主讲的亚洲投资者。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　哥伦比亚大学是价值投资鼻祖<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>格雷厄姆的执教之地，多年来，<SPAN lang=EN-US> Graham &amp; Dodd</SPAN>早餐年会一直是价值投资领域中备受推崇的盛事之一。而在<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年前创立惠理基金时，谢清海完全没有想到，他能怀抱理想走这么远：如今的惠理资产管理规模已超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN>亿美元，自己曾经的一些投资决策已成为业界相传的经典案例，他也因此被称为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>东方巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>东方巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>只有调研、调研、再调研，才能成为<SPAN lang=EN-US>‘</SPAN>优势投资者<SPAN lang=EN-US>’</SPAN>，也就是说，无论是作为股票买家还是卖家，都必须比交易对手了解得更多，而要具备这种优势，惟有通过扎实的调研。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　因为笃信价值投资，谢清海在香港享有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>东方巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>之美誉。颇具戏剧性的是，西方巴菲特与<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>东方巴菲特<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>在共同的投资标的<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/01211.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>比亚迪</SPAN></SPAN></A>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20.95</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">-0.45</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">-2.10%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/01211.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)(01211.HK)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">上有过交集。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2008</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>月，巴菲特通过旗下<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>中美能源控股公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，以每股<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>港元的价格，购买了<SPAN lang=EN-US>2.25</SPAN>亿股、约占<SPAN lang=EN-US>10%</SPAN>的比亚迪股份。而在这个名动江湖的投资故事开演之前，惠理早就先行一步挖掘出了这只股票。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2006</SPAN>年，由于手机市场低迷，比亚迪陷入了困境，其公布的<SPAN lang=EN-US>2005</SPAN>年盈利下跌<SPAN lang=EN-US>49%</SPAN>。更为糟糕的是，比亚迪此时决定实施多元化策略，进军竞争激烈的汽车市场。这一消息被市场解读为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>不务正业<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，比亚迪股价因此雪上加霜。正是在这个时候，谢清海果断出手，从<SPAN lang=EN-US>2006</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>月起开始增持比亚迪，并一度成为其单一最大股东。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　惠理高级基金经理王焱东至今还记得和老板一起去比亚迪调研的情景。印象中，在与王传福<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>比亚迪主席<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>交流的一个小时里，老板跳过了财务细节，只问了三、四个问题，比如企业发展长期战略以及突破口，汽车电池的世界发展趋势，等等。<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>惠理自身也是一家民营企业，老板对创业过程中可能遭遇的问题同样深有体会，因此很容易就问到关键点上。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　通过这次短暂的交流，谢清海发现，比亚迪只是暂时处于低谷，这正是价值投资者介入的绝佳机会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　不过，在巴菲特入股之后几个月，随着比亚迪股价不断上涨，惠理一路减持，到<SPAN lang=EN-US>2009</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>月，比亚迪已经从其十大重仓股中消失。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>比亚迪的电动车项目，写下来会是一个精彩的故事，但是对于投资者而言，需要等待好几年才会看到利润。我们还会回来，相信比亚迪会成为全世界伟大的公司之一，但这也许要等十年左右。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>在巴菲特依旧重仓比亚迪时，谢清海对这只曾经的爱股有着另一番解读。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　因为出类拔萃的选股能力，谢清海在香港也被视作<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>金手指<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。当交易所披露惠理持有的某只股票比例超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>时，该股股价很可能迅速大涨。不过，谢清海坦言，在迄今为止的决策中，<SPAN lang=EN-US>1/3</SPAN>是出色的，<SPAN lang=EN-US>1/3</SPAN>是平淡的，另外<SPAN lang=EN-US>1/3</SPAN>甚至可以说是失误。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　他并不忌讳分享自己失败的故事，宜进利<SPAN lang=EN-US>(00304.HK)</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/02000.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>晨讯科技</SPAN></SPAN></A>(0.55,0.00,0.00%,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/02000.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)(02000.HK)</SPAN>两家公司都曾经让他吃过亏，而问题都是出自管理层诚信，比如宜进利，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>刚投下一笔钱，没过多久他们就失踪了<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>这个行业中，很多人很擅长讲故事，我称他们为海盗，他们穿着考究，毕业于名校，口才一流，极具欺骗性。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>谢清海坦言，并没有特别的办法来分辨他们，有时候他宁愿相信一个刚从车间里跑出来的、举止粗犷、说话直接的人。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>只有调研、调研、再调研。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>谢清海说，惠理内部有时称自己为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>优势投资者<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，也就是说，无论是作为股票买家还是卖家，都必须比交易对手了解得更多，而要具备这种优势，惟有通过扎实的调研。每年，他的研究团队至少会有<SPAN lang=EN-US>2500</SPAN>次公司拜访，这还不包括电话调研。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B>从<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万美元到<SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN>亿美元</B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>如果你做得足够好，钱不是问题，钱会找到你，而不是你去找钱。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年后，当他成为亚洲著名的价值投资者，站在<SPAN lang=EN-US>Graham &amp; Dodd</SPAN>早餐年会的讲台上，谢清海动情地说：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“20</SPAN>世纪<SPAN lang=EN-US>90</SPAN>年代的标准读本是格雷厄姆和多德的《证券分析》，我们确实相当虔诚地运用它，我们习惯称之为圣经。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年前，正是这本《证券分析》将他和叶维义，两个成长背景迥异的华人投资精英连在一起，虽然当时价值投资还并不被人所认同。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　上世纪<SPAN lang=EN-US>90</SPAN>年代初，叶维义从美国回到香港，他出身于富裕家庭，中学时赴美读书，毕业于哥伦比亚大学，之后加入投资银行<SPAN lang=EN-US>Lazard</SPAN>，在纽约和伦敦工作多年。回到香港后，他一边在家族企业<SPAN lang=EN-US>“<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00404.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>新昌营造</SPAN></SPAN></A>(1.15,0.00,0.00%,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00404.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)”</SPAN>学习建筑生意，一边参与家族的投资活动。当时新昌营造等中小型上市公司的股价普遍偏低，可即使估值诱人，却很难得到投资界<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://weibo.com/pedaily?zw=finance" target=_blank><SPAN style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>微博)</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>人士的青睐，除了当时担任摩根建富研究部主管的谢清海。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　当年的谢清海已经深深被格雷厄姆的价值投资理念所吸引，其选股思路在投资界也自成一体。其他研究员只重视<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/HSI.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>恒生指数</SPAN></SPAN></A>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20677.16</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">52.77</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">0.26%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">成分股，成分股跟随指数涨跌，推荐这些股票没有太大风险，即使大盘下跌也不会招致非议。相比之下，推荐恒生指数之外的股票，如果指数上涨而个股下跌，研究员很可能因此丢掉工作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　在谢清海看来，如果把所有股票分为一、二、三类，第一类是被低估的，第二类是估值合理的，第三类是被高估的，当时绝大多数研究员倾向于推荐指数成分股，也就是第二类股票，而谢清海却希望做到，买第一类股票，在其上涨到<SPAN lang=EN-US>2.5</SPAN>时<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>介于合理与高估之间<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>出售。当时他把研究重心更多放在挖掘这类股票上，而叶维义的家族企业新昌营造就是其发现之一。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　两人因缘相识后，发现彼此都认同价值投资理念，在当时追涨杀跌趋势投资盛行的香港投资界，难得碰到如此志同道合的朋友，他们决定一起<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>努力走另一条路<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>1993</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>月，一家名叫<SPAN lang=EN-US>“Value Partners”(</SPAN>惠理<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>的基金公司静悄悄地开业了。回想起来，两人都觉得当年的想法十分单纯甚至有点<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>幼稚<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，叶维义称之为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>一盘没有计划书的生意<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，而谢清海则说这是一家<SPAN lang=EN-US>“Hobby shop”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　创业之初，惠理管理的资产规模只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万美元，谢清海将自己全部身家<SPAN lang=EN-US>——150</SPAN>万美元都投了进去，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我只是单纯地想去做一件认同并喜欢的事情，想法十分简单，开一辆日本二手车，看看电影，没有什么昂贵的兴趣爱好，并没有很大的野心。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>如果你做得足够好，钱不是问题，钱会找到你，而不是你去找钱。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>从<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万美元到<SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN>亿美元，谢清海如此总结惠理的成长历程。他说，现在亚洲乃至整个世界都有一个很大的问题，那就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>money disease(</SPAN>拜金症<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>，很多人想加入金融行业，并不是因为兴趣和理念，而是因为可以赚钱，但实际上只有兴趣和理念才能支撑一位投资人走得长远。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　事实证明，一直坚持价值投资理念的惠理在日后的投资中抓住了大量的机会，斩获颇丰。为内地投资者所熟悉的是<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN>年之后的<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股一战。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　上世纪<SPAN lang=EN-US>90</SPAN>年代末，谢清海发现，<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股与<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股拥有同样的投票权、分红权，但股价却打了七折，属于被低估的第<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>类股票，这正是价值投资者应当积极把握的机会，于是在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN>年之后大举进军<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股，甚至曾经举牌南玻<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>、锦投<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>、苏威孚<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>、老凤祥<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>、友谊股份<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>等多只股票。直到现在，<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股较<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股仍然有着<SPAN lang=EN-US>30%</SPAN>的诱人折价，谢清海认为<SPAN lang=EN-US>110</SPAN>只<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股中的一些股票仍然存在机会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我用读书逃离贫穷<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我几乎把所有的空余时间都花在阅读上，以逃离悲惨的现实。身体上虽受尽苦难，精神上我却生活在一个由书本、写作甚至是诗歌组成的美丽世界里，那个世界无人可及。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　如果说惠理<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年的成长历程是一段传奇，在此之前的谢清海却拥有一段让人唏嘘的经历。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　谢清海特意让助手发了两张凤梨图片给记者，那是他记忆深刻的少年时代：<SPAN lang=EN-US>1954</SPAN>年，谢清海出生于马来西亚槟城一个华侨家庭，因家境贫困，<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>岁就跟着叔叔在街头卖凤梨。<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>岁时父亲不幸去世，祖屋被迫出售，作为长子的谢清海一肩挑起生计，当同学们参加下午体育活动的时候，他却骑着自行车顶着烈日匆匆赶往卖凤梨的摊头。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　唯一的乐趣是读书。那时的谢清海是个<SPAN lang=EN-US>“crazy reader”</SPAN>，他几乎看遍了能在公立图书馆免费借阅到的书籍。<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我几乎把所有的空余时间都花在阅读上，以逃离悲惨的现实。身体上虽受尽苦难，精神上我却生活在一个由书本、写作甚至是诗歌组成的美丽世界里，那个世界无人可及。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　他没有想到，正是这个简单的爱好，改变了自己的一生。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>岁那年，他在槟城《星报》找到一份工作，在发行部折了三周报纸后，上司发现，这个仅仅中学毕业的年轻人文笔优美，竟然在英国一家刊物上发表过文章，这在当时当地可是一个了不起的成绩，于是将他调到新闻部担任记者，负责社会新闻报道。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　工作两年后，谢清海没攒下什么积蓄，甚至连一个银行户头都没有，唯一的家当是一辆旧摩托车。当他得知香港记者的薪水是马来西亚的<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>倍以上时，他毫不犹豫地将旧摩托车换成一张船票，在一个寂静的夜晚搭上了一艘开往香港的货轮。那是<SPAN lang=EN-US>1974</SPAN>年。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　到达香港后的第一站是《虎报》。这位热爱学习的记者，在采访写稿之余依旧不知疲倦地读书。不知从何时起，他还将自己的签名改为了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“learn”</SPAN>的花体字，提醒自己要坚持学习，并学习如何学习。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　这个习惯一直保留至今，他的同事们发现，在出差候机的时候，在吃饭等菜的时候，只要有一点空隙，他总会拿出一本书或者一份材料来读上一段。有时他会建议下属，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>坐飞机要两三个小时，你为什么不买本《经济学人》杂志看看？<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　与投资结缘也是因为一本书<SPAN lang=EN-US>——John Train</SPAN>的《金钱之王》<SPAN lang=EN-US>(The Money Masters)</SPAN>，其中所写的是邓普顿、巴菲特等人的投资心得。后来在《远东经济评论》和《华尔街日报》工作期间，他更是阅读了大量的财经类书籍。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　机会的大门再次开启。当海外金融机构纷纷进驻香港，需要招募本土人才时，其捷径之一即是寻找出色的财经记者。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1989</SPAN>年，在时任摩根建富负责人谢福华的邀请下，谢清海成为摩根建富的研究主管。他还记得当年跟他在南华早报一起共事的一位外国记者，后来创办了今天的里昂证券<SPAN lang=EN-US>(CLSA)</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>随时代潮流而上<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我是亚洲经济奇迹下的孩子，在中国经济腾飞中成为赢家。我<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>的进步归功于，在正确的时间处在正确的地方。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我的两段职业生涯都开启于历史低点，随时代潮流而上。<SPAN lang=EN-US>” 1971</SPAN>年成为记者，<SPAN lang=EN-US>1989</SPAN>年转换跑道进入投资行业，回望走过的这些年，谢清海将自己视作时代的弄潮儿。期间经历的波峰波谷，更是让他扼腕长叹。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　在过去的<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年中，惠理经历了至少<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>次区域性和全球性的金融危机，较为沉重的打击来自于<SPAN lang=EN-US>1997</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00662.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>亚洲金融</SPAN></SPAN></A>(2.8,0.00,0.00%,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00662.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)</SPAN>风暴。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>1999</SPAN>年，公司经历了成立以来唯一的一次亏损，数额虽然仅有<SPAN lang=EN-US>26</SPAN>万港元，但风暴过后出于对经济前景的担忧，惠理引进了两家海外战略投资者以求过冬。没想到，此后经济呈<SPAN lang=EN-US>V</SPAN>形反转态势，回头看这笔融资十分不值。由于战略投资者提出退出要求，惠理在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年于香港联交所上市。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　但更多的时候惠理是时代的受益者，把握住了亚洲尤其是中国经济快速增长的机会。投资于亚太区的旗舰基金惠理价值基金成立<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>年以来，获得了约<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000%</SPAN>的回报，专注于<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股、<SPAN lang=EN-US>H</SPAN>股以及<SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN>股的中华汇聚基金自<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN>年成立以来收益率也超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>1000%</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　如今，惠理将眼光投向<SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN>股市场。此前惠理主要通过租用券商<SPAN lang=EN-US>QFII</SPAN>额度来进行投资，而一个月前的收购行动让惠理拥有了一个更大舞台。通过收购原金元比联基金<SPAN lang=EN-US>49%</SPAN>的股份，惠理获得了内地公募基金牌照，并成为唯一一家总部位于大中华区、于两岸三地均设有挂牌基金管理公司的资产管理集团。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　在谢清海看来，此次收购的虽是内地资产管理规模最小的基金公司，但<SPAN lang=EN-US>4050</SPAN>万人民币的绝对收购价相当便宜，与购买股票一样是一笔逆向投资，未来的反弹力度预计会足够强劲。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　谢清海说惠理下一步的目标是成为一家世界级资产管理公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>要实现这个目标，有两点需要我们去完成：一是管理的资产规模需要比现在大<SPAN lang=EN-US>2—3</SPAN>倍，这或许要通过<SPAN lang=EN-US>5—10</SPAN>年实现，主要契机将是中国内地资本市场的开放。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　谢清海表示，现今内地投资者的选择并不多，惠理有能力吸收来自内地的资金，帮助他们投资海外。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　惠理目前的投资领域已经不仅仅局限于亚洲，除了现有的黄金<SPAN lang=EN-US>ETF</SPAN>外，未来两年将有更多的产品投资于全球市场。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>第二点，则是找到一条投资人才不断涌现的可持续发展道路。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>谢清海觉得，一个商业模式如果没有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>天才<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>加盟，是不可持续的，需要创造一种模式，让普通人成长为卓越的业内精英。惠理如今的核心投研团队成员，多是在大学毕业之后就加入惠理，如今都已独挡一面，独立管理数亿资产。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　毕业后就加入惠理、如今已是公司联席首席投资总监的苏俊祺说，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>谢先生在人才培养上颇有心得，某天早晨，当你到公司，也许就会在座位上发现一本投资或者管理方面的书。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　惠理颇具吸引力的一点还在于，将<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%—23%</SPAN>的税前赢利构建为公司的分红池，这让员工可以分享到公司成长的果实。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年，公司有三位员工是全香港交税交得最多的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　谈到打造世界级资产管理公司这一愿景时，谢清海的话语中掩饰不住激动。他说他在等待<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00170.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>中国资本</SPAN></SPAN></A>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4.13</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">-0.02</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">-0.48%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00170.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">市场进一步开放所赋予的更大机会。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　或许，他很清楚自己又一次站在了时代的浪尖，正如<SPAN lang=EN-US>2010</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>月他在一次演讲中所言，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>我是亚洲经济奇迹下的孩子，在中国经济腾飞中成为赢家。我<SPAN lang=EN-US>50%</SPAN>的进步归功于，在正确的时间处在正确的地方。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B>谢清海履历</B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>1993</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>月，与合伙人叶维义共同创办惠理基金管理公司，并一直管理公司业务。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年成功带领惠理于香港联交所上市，使集团成为香港首家及唯一一家的本地主板上市基金公司。拥有逾三十年的投资管理经验，被誉为亚洲价值投资先驱之一。在创办惠理之前，任职于香港<SPAN lang=EN-US>MorganGrenfell</SPAN>集团，出任研究及自营交易部主管。此前于《亚洲华尔街日报》及《远东经济评论》担任财经记者，专注东亚及东南亚的商业及政治新闻。现任<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00806.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>惠理集团</SPAN></SPAN></A>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4.49</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">0.03</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">0.67%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,<A href="http://stock.finance.sina.com.cn/hkstock/quotes/00806.html" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="http://blog71.cnstock.com/COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实时行情</SPAN></SPAN></A>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">主席兼联席首席投资总监。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<B>惠理大事记</B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>1993</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　谢清海及叶维义共同创立<SPAN lang=EN-US>“Value Partners”(</SPAN>惠理<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>基金公司，并开始拓展资产管理业务。他们成立了旗舰基金<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>惠理价值基金，管理资产<SPAN lang=EN-US>560</SPAN>万美元。截至<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>日，收益率为<SPAN lang=EN-US>1936.9%</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2004</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　成立第一只另类投资基金，开始量化投资基金业务。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2006</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　重组惠理旗下联营公司，归纳为惠理集团有限公司附属公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　惠理集团有限公司于香港联合交易所主板上巿。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2009</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　于中国上海成立投资研究办事处，推出第一只亚洲信贷基金和第一只价值<SPAN lang=EN-US>ETF</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011</SPAN>年于中国台湾成立合营资产管理公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>-——</SPAN>惠理康和证券投资信托股份有限公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　于中国云南成立合营中国私募基金股权业务<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>云南惠理股权投资基金管理有限公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 11.25pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">　　收购金元比联基金管理有限公司<SPAN lang=EN-US>49%</SPAN>股权，并更名为金元惠理基金管理有限公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-4-24 23:47:00</pubDate>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[No perfect world--赵丹阳2012致投资者的一封信]]></title>
<link>http://chenli.blog.cnstock.com/2196292.html</link>
<description><![CDATA[<DIV style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 8pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1pt solid; mso-element: para-border-div; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt">
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<LI class=MsoNormal style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 8.0pt 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">赵丹阳<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年致投资者的一封信<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></LI>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 8.0pt 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2012</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>04</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US> 09:29</SPAN>　　　 文<SPAN lang=EN-US> / </SPAN>吴晓鹏<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN>据网易财经：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>日，<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>赤子之心中国成长投资基金（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Pure Heart China Growth Investment Fund</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>创始人赵丹阳发表《赵丹阳<SPAN lang=EN-US>2012</SPAN>年致投资者的一封信》。以下为全文：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 您好！<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2011 </SPAN>年过去了，又是一年新的开始，祝大家新年身体健康，万事如意。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 赤子之心在<SPAN lang=EN-US> 2011 </SPAN>年表现不好，是基金成立以来最大幅度的账面损失。赤子之心价值投资基金下跌<SPAN lang=EN-US> 28.67%</SPAN>，赤子之心自然选择基金下跌<SPAN lang=EN-US>24.79%</SPAN>。对于这样的业绩，我们深感歉意。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;未来二十年，放眼全球，谁将是人类社会舞台的中心？纵观人类社会历史，就是不同国家不同民族在不同时期的兴衰史，十五世纪葡萄牙，十六世纪西班牙，十七世纪 荷兰，十八十九世纪英格兰，二十世纪美国，二十一世纪是谁的世界？我们相信，欧洲、日本的衰退不可避免。中国、印度是未来几十年全球最精彩的国家。美国的 表现也会不错，但是只会在创新产业有所表现。赤子之心未来将会紧紧抓住中印这两个大型的新兴经济体，寻找最具垄断性，又有高成长的进攻型企业，分享中国和印度的未来高速成长。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 男怕入错行，女怕嫁错郎，中国的古谚语如是说。前些日子，和台湾的一些<SPAN lang=EN-US>IT </SPAN>业朋友聊天，他在台湾一家大型<SPAN lang=EN-US> IT</SPAN>公司做高管。他感慨说：辛苦一辈子不如卖方便面（康师傅）。他当年是台大最优秀的毕业生，进入最朝阳的<SPAN lang=EN-US> IT</SPAN>产业，可是几十年后，行业更新太快，变化太大，发的期权也变成废纸一张。在选择对的国家之后，行业和产业的选择是极其重要的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 赤子之心在过去五年做了很多加法，我们曾经尝试做过宏观的预测，原油、黄金、外汇及其他商品的研究和投资。在股权投资方面，我们投资了中国，美国，加拿大，印度，越南等股市。但是随着经验和教训的增多，从<SPAN lang=EN-US>2011 </SPAN>年起我们开始做减法，我们主要专注中国和印度。在投资行业上，我们会聚焦在消费，医疗，教育，金融四个产业， 对商品类的行业<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>原油、黄金、矿业等以及制造业，我们将较少涉猎。我们只做股权投资，通过持有公司的股权分享国家和产业的成长。对于期货、外汇和其他金融 衍生品，我们也将较少研究。未来赤子之心会越来越简单。随着阅历的积累，我们发现，我们懂得东西真的很有限，世界很精彩，我们只能呆在我们所明白和理解的 产业和公司里。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2011 </SPAN>年，我们的亏损主要来自汇率，印度卢比去年下跌了<SPAN lang=EN-US>16%</SPAN>。其次一些损失来自公司治理，我们投资的印度企业本身相当不错，垄断性极强，现金流非常好。但随着 对印度的深入了解，我们发现投资印度，公司治理是一个较大的问题。例如，有一家酒类企业，在印度高端酒市场上占有率<SPAN lang=EN-US>54%</SPAN>，相当于中国的茅台 五粮液。可是大股东的野心太大，做了太多的产业，印度的法规对投资者保护又不够，大股东可以合法挪用上市公司的现金。也就是公司的主业很赚钱，但是其他股 东无法制约大股东挪用现金的行为。近期，我们将治理结构不好的公司逐渐卖掉。好的主业加上好的治理结构，才是值得投资的公司，这是我们投资印度两年来最大的经验教训。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 中国股市在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007 </SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>11</SPAN>月达到高点。经过<SPAN lang=EN-US>2009</SPAN>年的反弹，一路慢慢走熊。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年股市泡沫太重，现在实际上是一个去泡沫的过程。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 中国经济未来十年进入转型时期，一些产业已经过了高速发展期，人口红利的转折点也悄然出现，<SPAN lang=EN-US>Easy money</SPAN>（容易钱）的年代已过去。中国目前人均<SPAN lang=EN-US> GDP</SPAN>只有<SPAN lang=EN-US> 4260</SPAN>美金，相比美国还有较大增长空间，未来中国会在一些本国的新兴产业上崛起新的英雄。随着股市的下跌，泡沫的释放，我们的注意力逐渐回归中国，目前已经寻找到一些可以投资的公司。我们在印度抛售治理结构不好的公司后，逐渐买入这些中国公司。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 弹指一算，赤子之心已有<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>年的历史，感谢投资者伴随我们经历一路上的风风雨雨。我们有自我局限性，对世界认识不足，总是试图追求完美的世界，是十足的理想主义者。这几年，随着在 国外的生活投资，回头看中国更理性，更客观。每一个国家都有其优点及缺点，中国、美国和印度都各有其利弊。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; No perfect world</SPAN>（没有完美的世界）。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></LI></UL></DIV>
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<author>陈理</author>
<pubDate>2012-4-20 15:25:00</pubDate>
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